SOLVED

41) Which of the following is an example of a protection/avoidance strategy? a. Decreasing the age at which one is considered a young offender. b. Developing an anger management program for youth. c. Reducing the number of entry and exit points on a neighbourhood block. d. Increasing penalties for offences committed using a firearm. e. Introducing a parenting skills group for men. 42) In 1971, ________ wrote the seminal work on CPTED principles entitled Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design, essentially introducing the concept to North America. a. C. Wright Mills b. Karl Marx c. Max Weber d. C. Ray Jeffery e. Timothy Crowe 43) “Natural access control” refers to ________. a. keeping potential intruders under observation b. using gates and locks to deny access to a site c. extending the sphere of influence through physical design d. decreasing the opportunity for crime e. providing common spaces for interaction 44) Traditional _________________ crime prevention approaches have employed physical or artificial barriers such as locks, alarms, fences, and gates to deny access to a crime target. a. Neighbourhood watch b. School design c. CCTV targeting d. Natural surveillance e. Target hardening 45) The CPTED concept was introduced to Canada in the early 1980s by the ___________________, and has since been endorsed by a great number of police services throughout Canada, many of whom have trained CPTED officers. a. London Police Service b. Peel Regional Police Service c. Edmonton Police Service d. Waterloo Regional Police Service e. Calgary Police Service 46) Modifications to the physical environment, such as those advocated by CPTED principles, will be effective only if they complement community-policing efforts and social programs that address some of the _____________________. a. population density within urban malls b. root causes of crime c. weather fluctuations during the commission of criminal activity d. training of police officers e. economic limitations of municipal rejuvenation programs 47) Keeping potential intruders under observation is known as _________________ in CPTED speak. a. Territorial reinforcement b. Natural access control c. Natural surveillance d. Physical environment control e. City design specifications 48) The continued research, data gathering, and analysis of drinking and driving offences would be an example of _________ in criminal justice policy in Canada. a. gestation b. Program evaluation and reassessment c. CPTED d. birth e. Natural surveillance 49) In 2009, a report entitled A Roadmap to Strengthening Public Safety recommended a number of changes within the correctional system, including __________________. a. the elimination of statutory release and the movement toward earned parole for inmates b. the mandatory minimum of 25 years for theft over $5 000 c. the removal of mandatory minimum sentences d. the elimination of life sentences e. the cutback of paid sick days for correctional service workers 50) Essentially, _____________ is/are responsible for the enforcement of all laws and the creation of local by-laws. a. the RCMP b. members of parliament c. municipalities d. the United Nations e. provincial governments 51) Briefly elaborate on the crime prevention strategy referred to as the “protection/avoidance strategy.” 52) List the three specific objectives of the National Crime Prevention Strategy.