SOLVED

6-41) The Pearson product-moment correlation represents a parametric statistic that can be used when the data are based on a a. nominal scale only. b. nominal scale or ordinal scale. c. interval scale or ratio scale. d. ordinal scale only. 6-42) Because the Pearson product-moment correlation analyzes the relationship between two variables, it is considered a __________ analysis. a. parametric b. nonparametric c. univariate d. bivariate 6-43) If you were to obtain the following results from a statistical analysis, what would you conclude? r(25) = -.89, p < .02 a. The results represent a statistically significant analysis of variance. b. The results represent a statistically significant Pearson correlation. c. The results do not represent a statistically significant analysis of variance. d. The results do not represent a statistically significant Pearson correlation. 6-44) If, in a Pearson correlation, you have df = 18, how many subjects participated in the study? a. 19 b. 20 c. 21 d. 22 6-45) What does p represent in the results of a statistical analysis? a. The probability of a Type I error. b. The degrees of freedom. c. The calculated value of the statistic. d. The probability of a Type II error. 6-46) If, in a correlational study, a researcher calculates the correlation coefficient to be r = +.5, what would the coefficient of determination indicate? a. The results suggest that 50% of the total variance is being shared by the two variables. b. The results suggest that 25% of the total variance is being shared by the two variables. c. The results suggest that 5% of the total variance is being shared by the two variables. d. The results suggest that .25% of the total variance is being shared by the two variables. 6-47) In correlational analyses, what does r2 represent? a. The Pearson product-moment correlation. b. The probability of committing a Type I error. c. The Spearman rank correlation. d. The coefficient of determination. 6-48) Dr. Methuen carried out a research study dealing with the relationship between the amount of time students spend studying for an exam and the score they receive on the exam. She determines the relationship to be, r(26) = .80, p < .05. What should Dr. Methuen conclude about the results? a. The relationship between study time and exam score is a strong negative one. b. Approximately 80% of the total variance is being shared by the two variables. c. Approximately 36% of the total variance is not being shared by the two variables. d. Studying for longer amounts of time causes one to do better on the exam. 6-49) Which of the following was not specified as a feature that might distort a correlation coefficient? a. Curvilinear relationship b. Restricted range c. Presence of outliers d. All of the above were specified. 6-50) Professor Nichols carries out a correlational study where he finds a strong, positive relationship between levels of anxiety and blood pressure. Understanding correlational relationships, he notes that if one tries to infer causation in such a situation, it might be the case that having high anxiety causes one to have high blood pressure, or having high blood pressure causes one to be anxious. This problem with correlational outcomes is known as a. the Hawthorne effect. b. directionality. c. a history effect. d. spontaneous recovery.