SOLVED

161) When someone attempts to recreate a retrieval environment that is as similar as possible to the initial encoding, or learning, environment as possible, he or she is making use of the principle of a. encoding specificity. b. distributed practice. c. priming. d. parsimony. 162) If a researcher showed that people remember pleasant memories better when they are happy than sad, this would be one method for demonstrating the importance of a. trait-dependent learning. b. context-dependent learning. c. priming. d. state-dependent learning. 163) Gretchen is clinically depressed. When asked to remember and discuss her childhood, her therapist noticed her memories of her past appeared to be distorted and quite negative relative to what the therapist already knew about Gretchen’s family history. Gretchen’s memory of her past is influenced by ________________. a. encoding specificity b. context-dependent learning c. a retrospective bias d. state-dependent learning 164) Research seeking the engram, conducted by Lashley and Hebb among others, has conclusively demonstrated that a. the hippocampus is the place in the brain where memory is stored. b. the prefrontal cortex is the place in the brain where memory is stored. c. the cerebellum is the place in the brain where memory is stored. d. there is no single place in the brain where memory is exclusively stored. 165) The logical conclusion from years of searching for the engram is that a. human memories are diffused throughout the brain in many different structures. b. human memory is a primary function of the occipital and temporal lobes. c. human memory is centred in the cerebellum. d. human memory is largely contained within the hippocampus. 166) Long-term potentiation tends to occur at synapses where the sending neuron releases the neurotransmitter ____________ into the synaptic cleft, resulting in enhanced learning. a. acetylcholine b. dopamine c. glutamate d. GABA 167) _________________ refers to the gradual strengthening of the connections among neurons from repetitive stimulation over time. a. Habituation b. Adaptation c. Associative networking d. Long-term potentiation 168) A police officer is shot in a gun battle with bank robbers. Although emergency brain surgery saves his life, it leaves him unable to store new information. The officer’s family is applying to the government for compensation for his injuries. When asked to provide a diagnosis of the difficulties he suffers, what will they write? a. Proactive amnesia b. Anterograde amnesia c. Retrograde amnesia d. Retroactive amnesia 169) Patients with anterograde amnesia were taught to complete a mirror tracing task. It was later found that they a. remembered performing the task and improved in future performance. b. didn’t remember performing the task and didn’t improve in performance. c. remembered performing the task but didn’t improve in performance. d. didn’t remember performing the task but improved in performance over time. 170) The major “bank” of memory (i.e., where memory is stored) primarily involves which brain structure? a. Hippocampus b. Prefrontal cortex c. Thalamus d. Amygdala