SOLVED

121) Our tendency to make ourselves look better than we actually are, either for job interviews or Facebook pages, is called a. positive self-image. b. positive impression management. c. self-report bias. d. leniency effect. 122) Because respondents are not always honest in their answers, researchers may elect against using a. behavioural measures. b. self-report measures. c. observational measures. d. correlational measures. 123) The major advantage of self-report measures, like surveys, is that they a. help establish causality. b. are extremely reliable and valid. c. are unaffected by the wording or phrasing of the questions. d. are easy to administer. 124) Our tendency to make ourselves look psychologically disturbed with the aim to achieve clear-cut personal goals, like faking a mental illness, is called a. negative self-image. b. malingering. c. self-report bias. d. leniency effect. 125) Which of the following is not a drawback of collecting rating data? a. Leniency effect b. Impression management c. Horns effect d. Halo effect 126) Roy has taken time off his job in a sandwich factory due to psychological reasons, and is trying to claim workers compensation to cover his expenses. He claims that he has developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a result of witnessing a co-worker severely cut themselves on a meat slicer, but he really just wants a break from working and has not been traumatized. Roy is likely to engage in ____________________ to make himself appear like he is more psychologically disturbed that he really is. a. the halo effect b. positive impression management c. malingering d. the horns effect 127) A key disadvantage to self-report measures is that a. they are less effective than experiments in accurately predicting peoples’ behaviour. b. respondents are not always honest in their answers. c. observing behaviour leads to changes in behaviour. d. demand characteristics can bias participants’ answers. 128) Which of the following statements is an example of the horns effect? a. Sandra gives Nicole a good performance evaluation at work because they are friends. b. Jason believes that overweight people also are lazy, selfish, and unmotivated. c. Cynthia rates herself very positively on a test assessing personality characteristics. d. Wade exaggerates his “bad boy” image on a survey of life experiences. 129) A group of students watch a videotape of two managers interacting with their subordinates at a customer service desk in a department store. Students see one of the managers’ act in a friendly and respectful manner toward all of the employees. The other manager is less friendly but still respectful toward the employees. What concept would explain the more positive ratings on other dimensions for the friendly manager as compared to the less friendly manager? a. The Rosenthal effect b. The horns effect c. The halo effect d. The leniency effect 130) Telling research participants what is involved in a study before asking them to participate is called a. informed consent. b. anonymity. c. confidentiality. d. ethics.