SOLVED

31.According to the text’s discussion of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID): a.the agency’s purpose is to eliminate socialism. b.the agency’s purpose is to provide aid while wielding state control. c.the agency often finds that in practice, its humanitarian goal of reducing poverty conflicts with its ideological goals of spreading capitalism and democracy. d.all of the above 32.According to the text, which of the following is/are (a) problem(s) with the connection between democracy and capitalism? a.When the market is allowed to run without significant government regulation, development may be more of a burden than a boon for the poor. b.Progress toward democracy will likely be slow and painful if the change to a market economy is difficult. c.It is important to recognize that capitalism is becoming more diverse and that it often takes a different form in lesser-developed countries than in the developed world. d.all of the above 33.Many lesser-developed countries have adopted __________, a model whereby public funds are extensively used to promote economic development, but the system remains responsive to market conditions. a.state capitalismc.national capitalism b.socialist capitalismd.capitalist nationalism 34.__________ refers to conditions that require economies to be restructured in order to permit liberalization of their markets by eliminating barriers to trade and investment. a.Capitalist nationalismc.Structural adjustment b.Globalizationd.Socialist capitalism 35.According to the text’s discussion of the emergence of multinational corporations in an increasingly laissez-faire worldwide market system: a.democracy will be strengthened in the less developed countries. b.the Western democracies’ mission of spreading capitalism will be greatly enhanced. c.democracy may be compromised if corporate needs come before those of the people as a              whole. d.the lesser developed countries will be rapidly McDonaldized. 36.According to the text’s discussion of the world’s population: a.the number of poor in the world has increased. b.one-fourth of the world’s population still lives in absolute poverty. c.over 1 billion people eke out a marginal existence on less than $1 a day. d.all of the above 37.Because of Asia’s increasingly important role in the global economy, the 2000s have been hailed by some as the: a.Asian Century.c.Pacific Century. b.Eastern Century.d.Indo-Asian Century. 38.Privately funded nonprofit groups concerned with development, economic relief, and advocacy for the poor are known as: a.anti-governmental poverty relief organizations (APROs). b.nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). c.economic development and relief organizations (EDROs). d.development of urban management bureau organizations (DUMBOs). 39.__________ describes programs involving small-scale income-earning manufacturing or agricultural activities located in or around the household. a.Cottage industryc.Microbusiness b.Microenterprised.Alternative income 40.__________ refer(s) to an arrangement which groups of borrowers receive small loans at commercial interest rates to help them start or expand small businesses. a.Microloanc.Microcredit b.Small Group Loans (SGL)d.Micro Group Credit (MGC) 41.Which of the following is/are (a) factor(s) that explain(s) the success of microcredit enterprises? a.This approach acknowledges the importance of informal-sector economic activities. b.These enterprises allow the poor to participate in making the decisions that directly affect their lives. c.Microcredit plans obtain most of their funding from nongovernmental organizations that work directly with the poor, rather than from the government. d.all of the above 42.Which of the following is currently a successful approach that belies the efficacy of the “trickle down” approach, which assumes that money provided to manufacturers or other formal-sector institutions will create jobs for the poor? a.the microcredit enterprises in lesser developed countries b.the experiences with nongovernmental organizations’ small business assistance program c.the new policies of the US Agency for International Development d.the baby formula approach now being taken by Nestle’s. 43.According to the text’s discussion of the World Conference on Human Rights: a.Western delegates argue that economic and social development could not proceed without political freedom to participate in the process, including the right to dissent. b.some governments argued that restrictions on political freedom are necessary to jump-start their economies. c.the division between the developing and developed worlds became evident when the charge was made that the Declaration of Human Rights was nothing more than an effort to impose Western “bourgeois” rights on the entire world. d.all of the above 44.According to the text’s discussion of the human rights debate: a.of all social institutions, the economy is the major engine for social change, and economic development is a necessary condition for improved social equity. b.new patterns of global cooperation are needed if development is to succeed. c.sociological work on multiculturalism in the global economy bolsters the rights of minorities. d.all of the above