SOLVED

141) Which of the following are the three terms used to describe the way in which hardy people differ from many other Type A people and others who suffer more ill effects due to stress? a. Compassion, challenge, commitment b. Competitiveness, control, compassion c. Commitment, control, challenge d. Commitment, control, competitiveness 142) Hardiness is closely associated with which of the following? a. High levels of stress b. Low levels of anxiety-proneness c. Increased risk of developing coronary heart disease d. Decreased risk of cancer 143) When looking at a glass that is neither completely full nor completely empty, a(n) __________ might say “that glass is half full,” while a(n) ____________ might say “no, that glass is half empty!” a. optimist; realist b. realist; pessimist c. optimist; pessimist d. pessimist; optimist 144) ____________ is associated with lower mortality rates, better surgical outcomes, a more vigorous immune response, and lower levels of distress when faced with infertility. a. Hardiness b. Spirituality c. Optimism d. Type A personality 145) According to studies, people who are involved in a religion and attend services regularly are more likely to a. live a shorter life than are those who do not have religious beliefs. b. lack a social support system. c. live longer than do those who do not have religious beliefs. d. feel alone with their struggles. 146) Membership in a religious organization and regular attendance at religious functions a. promote one’s cognitive abilities. b. are a psychological defence mechanism. c. can be a vital part of a person’s social support system. d. will definitely extend one’s life expectancy. 147) Approximately ____ percent of Canadians believe in God, which may help buffer stress. a. 55 b. 65 c. 75 d. 85 148) Which of the following is one of the ways in which religion helps people reduce or cope with stress? a. Religion isolates people from those who are different. b. Most religions promote psychological defence mechanisms. c. Religion can provide a strong social support system. d. Religion includes rituals that get people to dwell on their failings. 149) A set of attitudes marked by a sense of control over events, commitment to life and work, and motivation and courage to confront stressful events is known as a. self-enhancement. b. proactive integration. c. hardiness. d. rumination. 150) Melissa’s mother was recently diagnosed with leukemia. As a result, Melissa is now required to take care of all of her mother’s personal needs and manage her financial affairs. Melissa is already a full-time student, and is also the primary caregiver for her son. However, Melissa has an attitude that things could be worse. She is confident that she will get through this crisis. Thus, she is displaying a. self-confidence. b. self-enhancement. c. hardiness. d. rumination.