SOLVED

5-31) The following steps were specified in the matching procedure: 1) select the matching variable(s); 2) assess the matching variable(s); 3) arrange the numerical matching variable by magnitude; 4) form sets of scores; and 5) a. compute the relevant Pearson correlations. b. assess the ethical implications of the design. c. for each set, randomly assign subjects to groups. d. decide which statistical analysis software package is best-suited to the analysis. 5-32) When each subject is measured more than one time with respect to the dependent variable, the design is referred to as a a. within-subjects design. b. repeated measures design. c. both a and b d. neither a nor b 5-33) James agrees to participate in a psychology experiment as part of his introductory psychology course. The independent variable in the study turns out to be three different levels of study time: 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes. During the study, James participates in all three study time conditions and, at the end of each condition, he completes a memory test. Most likely, it appears that James is participating in a __________ research design. a. within-subjects b. between-subjects c. matched-subjects d. independent-groups 5-34) Typically, __________ designs require fewer research subjects. a. between-subjects b. within-subjects c. independent groups d. matched-subjects 5-35) Professor Moriarty is conducting a between-subjects experiment where he has two different groups completing an eye-hand coordination task while being timed. He finds that, for whatever reason, six out of twenty subjects in the experimental group have decided to drop out of the study, while only one out of twenty subjects has dropped out of the control group. It appears that Professor Moriarty’s experiment is experiencing a problem of a. repeated measures designs. b. differential attrition. c. independent groups designs. d. inflated alpha levels. 5-36) If a researcher knows how much variability a particular factor adds to the data, and decides to remove from the data that same variability, this researcher is making use of the analytical technique known as a. statistical control. b. double-blind control. c. historical control. d. selectivity control. 5-37) When dealing with studies that make use of pre-post testing strategies, researchers need to be careful with what the subjects experience during the time that elapses between the pretest and posttest. If subjects are affected by variables other than the independent variable during this time, the study is confounded by the factor of a. regression to the mean. b. testing changes. c. sensitization. d. history. 5-38) When dealing with studies that make use of pre-post testing strategies, researchers need to be careful with what the subjects experience during the time that elapses between the pretest and posttest. If subjects are affected by the processes of physical and psychological growth during this time, the study is confounded by the factor of a. regression to the mean. b. maturation. c. sensitization. d. testing. 5-39) When dealing with studies that make use of pre-post testing strategies, researchers need to be careful when including subjects who score either very high or very low on the pretest. Upon posttesting, these subjects will often score more in the direction of the middle of the distribution, rather than either extreme. In this case, the study could be confounded by a. maturation. b. history. c. regression to the mean. d. sensitization. 5-40) Dr. Columbo is conducting a pre-post testing study where, in the pretest, the subjects will fill out a survey before the manipulation and, in the posttest, subjects will fill out the same survey after experiencing the experimental manipulation. Dr. Columbo is worried that subjects will be biased in the posttest survey because of their familiarity with the pretest survey. In this example, Dr. Columbo appears to be concerned about the factor of a. regression to the mean. b. maturation. c. history. d. pretest sensitization.