SOLVED

451. Unpleasant physical or psychological effects that follow the discontinuance of a dependence-producing substance is ______. a. a cravingc. tolerance b. withdrawald. addiction 452. Alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates all have ______. a. depressant effectsc. hallucinogenic effects b. stimulant effectsd. antigenic effects 453. ______ are chemicals that slow down the action of the nervous system and its associated behaviors and cognitive processes. a. Hallucinogensc. Depressants b. Opiatesd. Stimulants 454. Drugs that activate the sympathetic nervous system and produce feelings of optimism and boundless energy are called ______. a. barbituratesc. stimulants b. opiatesd. hallucinogens 455. Caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine are members of a class of drugs known as ______. a. depressantsc. analgesics b. hallucinogensd. stimulants 456. Any number of drugs, such as LSD and marijuana, that distort visual and auditory perception are ______. a. barbituratesc. hallucinogens b. opiatesd. stimulants 457. Marijuana is typically included as a(n) ______. a. opiatec. hallucinogen b. depressantd. stimulant 458. Each of the following is true EXCEPT ______. a. there is evidence for a genetic basis for alcohol abuse b. people whose biological parents have alcohol abuse problems are more likely to abuse alcohol c. identical twins are no more likely than fraternal twins to have similar patterns relating to alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco use d. people appear to differ genetically in their tolerance for alcohol in the blood 459. According to the ______ model, alcoholism is not a moral issue, but a medical one. a. diseasec. just world b. clinicald. reactivity 460. Of the following people, the one who is MOST likely to abuse alcohol is someone who ______. a. uses alcohol to overcome social inhibitions, was never abused or molested, and whose parents never abused alcohol b. uses alcohol to overcome social inhibitions, was molested as a child, and whose parents abused alcohol c. uses alcohol to have more fun, was molested as a child, and whose parents abused alcohol d. uses alcohol to have fun, was never molested or abused as a child, and whose parents abused alcohol M