SOLVED

1) A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment is called a. selective interpretation. b. selective analysis. c. perception. d. selective outlook. e. environmental assessment. 2) Yvonne was bothered because many of her co-workers considered her to be lazy. As a result, she began to neglect her work responsibilities and spent most of her time making personal phone calls. This is an example of a. a self-fulfilling prophecy. b. stereotyping. c. selective perception. d. the halo effect. e. contrasting effects. 3) Peoples’ perceptions are influenced by the perceiver, the target, and the situation. The perceiver factor comprises a. attitudes. b. ethics. c. peer pressure. d. priorities. e. abilities. 4) Terry is a new salesman who has just been assigned to the northwest branch of his company. Shortly after his appointment to his new position, sales for his territory jumped significantly. Terry’s appointment and the increase in sales were not related, but people tended to see the two occurrences as related. The timing of Terry’s appointment and the soon-after increase in sales is an example of a. how a target’s characteristics can affect what is perceived. b. how personal characteristics of the perceiver influences how events are interpreted. c. how expectations can distort our perceptions. d. how past experiences can distort our perceptions. e. how difficult it is to perceive and interpret what others do. 5) Peoples’ perceptions are influenced by the perceiver, the target, and the situation. The situation factor comprises a. attitudes. b. motives. c. background. d. novelty. e. time. 6) Angelina is a manager at the largest manufacturing plant in her company’s division. She is quick to perceive how talented her employees are and formulates her expectations of them accordingly. If she expects people to perform exceedingly well, she puts more time and effort into managing them, and gives them ample opportunity to develop their skills and talents. Angelina finds that such employees do indeed become some of the best performers. Angelina’s actions are an example of a. prejudice. b. stereotyping. c. the contrast effect. d. the halo effect. e. a self-fulfilling prophecy. 7) Kerry was observing one of her underachieving employees, and was trying to decide whether her behaviour is caused by internal factors or external factors. This is consistent with ________ theory. a. attribution b. selective perception c. motivational d. self-fulfilling prophecy e. fundamental attribution error 8) The three rules used to determine whether or not behaviour is internally or externally caused are a. distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency. b. selective perception, consensus, and consistency. c. heredity, environmental factors, and personality. d. self-serving bias, heredity, and personality. e. distinctiveness, heredity, and consistency. 9) When a sales manager attributes the poor performance of his or her sales agents to laziness, rather than to the complexity of the project and the innovative products of the competitor, the sales manager is engaging in a. the fundamental attribution error. b. self-serving bias. c. selective perception. d. the halo effect. e. the contrast effect. 10) Suppose a sales manager is unhappy with the performance of her/his sales people and attributes this to laziness on their part. Closer scrutiny of the real situation, however, shows that the sales manager has made a “fundamental attribution error.” This means that she/he has a. only considered superficial indicators. b. inadequately explored the job satisfaction of the sales people. c. is merely stereotyping employees. d. underestimated the effects of external factors relative to internal factors. e. ignored her/his responsibility in the entire process of not holding workers accountable. 1