SOLVED

8-11) To help prevent the problem of order effects when using dependent-groups designs, researchers will often make use of some form of a. counterbalancing. b. correlational technique. c. monetary incentive for rewarding the research participants. d. debriefing. 8-12) Suppose a researcher is investigating the effects of handedness on one’s ability to draw different geometric shapes. This researcher is worried about order effects, so she has subjects first draw the shapes using a left-hand/right-hand sequence, then she has the subjects repeat the task using a right-hand/left-hand sequence. This sequencing technique is referred to as a. reverse counterbalancing. b. ABBA counterbalancing. c. neither a nor b d. both a and b 8-13) Two problems can occur when researchers make use of ABBA counterbalancing: 1) participants may detect the pattern of the sequence, which could bias their behavior in later trials; and 2) a. due to problems with participant fatigue, it is never a good idea to repeat trials more     than once. b. since these types of studies make use of between-subjects designs, they often require a     large number of participants. c. the impact of order effects for different sequences may not be the same for all     sequences. d. the technique cannot be used when there are more than two conditions in a study. 8-14) As a general rule in planning single-factor, dependent-groups experiments, __________ designs should be used when researchers are making use of a small number of experimental conditions and number of assessments per condition. a. block randomization b. Latin square c. reverse counterbalancing d. factorial 8-15) Professor Sinclair is designing a dependent-groups study where he wants to present three colored balls (red, green, and blue) to young toddlers, to see which color they prefer. In designing the study, he creates the following sequences: red-green-blue, red-blue-green, red-green-blue, blue-red-green, green-blue-red, and blue-red-green. He is concerned about order effects, so he administers each of these sequences one at a time. What type of design is he using? a. Latin square b. ABBA counterbalancing c. Block randomization d. Double-blind placebo 8-16) Which of the following does not represent a technique used in overall counterbalancing in within-subjects designs? a. All possible orders b. Latin square c. Complete counterbalancing d. Yoked control group 8-17) Which procedure allows the researcher to equalize order effects by presenting participants with every possible ordering of the treatment conditions the same number of times, where each participant receives only one of the possible orderings? a. Complete counterbalancing b. Yoked control group c. Double-blind placebo d. Latin square 8-18) Professor Parsons is designing an experiment that includes complete counterbalancing. She wants to determine all possible sequences for her four treatment conditions, so she calculates the number using her knowledge of factorials. How many different sequences should Professor Parsons use? a. 6 b. 12 c. 18 d. 24 8-19) When a within-subjects design contains many different treatment conditions (e.g., 6 or more), it is unlikely that a __________ design will be used in attempting overall counterbalancing. a. Latin square b. complete counterbalancing c. double-blind placebo d. Yoked control group 8-20) In a __________ within-subjects design, the treatment conditions are arranged in a systematic matrix, where each condition appears in every ordinal position equally often. a. Latin square b. complete counterbalancing c. double-blind placebo d. Yoked control group