SOLVED

11) While breakdowns occur randomly, their frequency is somewhat predictable through such tools as the product failure rate, MTBF, and the breakdown costs model. A) the high initial failure rates of product, machine, or processes. B) system reliability where components are connected in series. C) system reliability where components are connected in parallel. D) the MTBF distribution of products, machines, or processes that have “settled in.” E) the full cost view of maintenance. 13) Infant mortality refers to which one of the following examples? A) high frequency on the left side of the MTBF distribution B) failure of items used in the nursery ward of a hospital C) failure of products with a very short life cycle D) market failure of brand new products E) high failure rate often encountered in the very early stages of the lifetime of a product 14) Which one of the following statements about maintenance is TRUE? A) The optimal degree of preventive maintenance is associated with zero breakdowns. B) Breakdown maintenance is proactive. C) Preventive maintenance is reactive. D) Preventive maintenance is for emergency repairs. E) Human resources are a major component of effective maintenance management. 15) What is the process that involves repair on an emergency or priority basis? A) breakdown maintenance B) emergency maintenance C) failure maintenance D) preventive maintenance E) priority maintenance A) the breakdown maintenance costs increase, and the preventive maintenance costs decrease. B) both the breakdown maintenance costs and the preventive maintenance costs decrease. C) the breakdown maintenance costs decrease, and the preventive maintenance costs increase. D) both the breakdown maintenance costs and the preventive maintenance costs increase. E) None of the above is true. 17) An oil change is to ________ maintenance as repair of a broken alternator is to ________ maintenance. A) preventive; breakdown B) breakdown; preventive C) preventive; preventive D) breakdown; breakdown E) preventive; infant mortality 18) Suppose that the introduction of a preventive maintenance program is deemed cost effective. Which of the following is most likely true if the cost to actually perform preventive maintenance is very expensive? A) high standard deviation in MTBF B) low standard deviation in MTBF C) low cost to repair D) Repairs carry little non-monetary consequences. E) The system never fails. 19) A manager is comparing the total maintenance (preventive plus breakdown) cost curves for two scenarios. The graphs have maintenance commitment on the x-axis and costs on the y-axis. Scenario A includes the direct breakdown maintenance costs, while Scenario B includes the “full” (direct and indirect) breakdown maintenance costs. Which of the following should the manager notice when going from Scenario A to Scenario B? A) Total cost is decreased. B) Optimal point is moved to the left. C) Optimal point is moved to the right. D) Preventative maintenance cost slope is increased. E) None of the above A) for low levels of maintenance commitment, breakdown maintenance costs exceed preventive maintenance costs. B) for low levels of maintenance commitment, preventive maintenance costs exceed breakdown maintenance costs. C) for high levels of maintenance commitment, breakdown maintenance costs exceed preventive maintenance costs. D) preventive maintenance is always more economical than breakdown maintenance. E) breakdown maintenance is always more economical than preventive maintenance when the “full cost of breakdowns” is taken into consideration.