SOLVED

151) What was Mary Ainsworth trying to determine when she devised an experimental method called the Strange Situation? a. The nature of gestural communication between mothers and babies b. Aspects of purposeful exploration as the baby investigates a strange environment c. Parental discipline styles in the first year of life d. The nature of attachment between caretakers and babies 152) Mary Ainsworth observed that securely attached infants a. do not seem to care when the mother leaves the room and do not seek her out on her return. b. protest loudly when the mother leaves but resist contact with her when she returns. c. cry if the mother leaves the room, are easily soothed, and welcome her back when she returns. d. are not concerned upon separation but cry to be picked up and held on her return. 153) Mothers who were unresponsive, insensitive, and coldly rejecting were associated with ___________ attached infants. a. securely b. avoidant c. ambivalent d. disorganized 154) ____________ attached babies in Ainsworth’s study were clinging and unwilling to explore, very upset by the stranger regardless of the mother’s presence, protested mightily when the mother left, were hard to soothe, and had mixed reactions upon mother’s return. a. Securely b. Avoidant c. Anxious d. Disorganized 155) Children involved in “Strange Situation” research change attachment styles frequently in follow-up studies, meaning that this method of measuring attachment style lacks a. honesty. b. integrity. c. validity. d. reliability. 156) When placed in “Strange Situations” with surrogate mothers, Harlow’s monkeys demonstrated signs of a. imprinting. b. authoritative attachment. c. insecure attachment. d. stranger anxiety. 157) Research involving the “Strange Situation” stress test reveals that a. most infants are happy when their mothers leave and are upset when they return. b. most infants are upset when their mothers leave and are happy when they return. c. most infants are not upset when their mothers leave because they believe that she will return shortly. d. most infants are upset when their mothers leave and when they return because they feel neglected. 158) Mariska’s mother has just left her in a strange situation. She responds with panic initially, and when her mother returns, seeks attention from her mother by reaching for her but yet squirms when her mother picks her up. It is most likely that Mariska has a(n) _______________ attachment style. a. secure b. anxious c. avoidant d. disorganized 159) Concluding that the results of the Strange Situation Test determine an infant’s attachment is associated with a. high reliability. b. the mono-operation bias. c. the confirmation bias. d. a lack of falsifiability. 160) Decades of research on parenting styles has indicated that a. social development of children can suffer if they have genetic predispositions toward problem behaviours that cannot be corrected by parenting styles. b. if parents provide their children with the average expectable environment, then most of their children will probably turn out just fine. c. authoritative parenting styles are associated with the most successful attachments, temperaments, and well-adjusted children that are social and emotionally healthy into adulthood. d. the most appropriate parenting style to use may vary according to the temperament of the child, and should all vary in levels of permissiveness, authoritarianism, and authoritativeness.