SOLVED

131. Even though John has seen other people get into car accidents, he does not believe that such an accident will ever happen to himself. John’s perception of personal invulnerability is best considered to be an example of: a. shared negotiation b. a personal fable c. conventional moral reasoning d. the imaginary audience 132. Both the imaginary audience and the personal fable emphasize that adolescence is a period of the lifespan in which individuals are overly concerned about themselves. The overarching term that best describes this “self-preoccupation” is: a. self-regulation b. egocentrism c. adaptation d. assimilation 133. Suppose that Derrell is trying to decide whether he should buy a used car. He logically considers all of the advantages and disadvantages and comes to a carefully-reasoned decision. The decision process Derrell used would be considered: a. concrete b. “hot” c. “cold” d. conventional 134. Suppose that Marty sees a new bicycle he wants and, without giving much thought to how he will pay for it, purchases it on the spot because he “just needs it.” Marty’s decision process would be best characterized as: a. concrete b. “hot” c. “cold” d. conventional 135. If they were playing the Iowa Gambling Task games, you would expect which group or groups to adopt the riskiest strategies? a. adults b. adolescents c. children d. adolescents and children but not adults 136. The Iowa Gambling Task is a game invented to detect: a. the personal fable b. the imaginary audience c. postconventional moral reasoning d. “hot” decision processes 137. Joshua’s friends tease him because he always tries to conform his behavior to what he believes his friends are doing. In this sense, the stage of moral development that most likely characterizes his behavior would be: a. premoral b. preconventional c. conventional d. postconventional 138. If Melinda’s parents wanted her to think about moral judgments at a level higher than she typically uses, their best strategy to encourage her moral development would be to: a. punish her when she made decisions based on her current level of moral reasoning, so that she would try harder b. reward her when she made decisions based on her current level of moral reasoning, so she would feel comfortable and be able to advance in her thinking c. suggest a solution that was at a slightly higher level of moral reasoning so she could think about this d. simply wait until she gets older, because no kind of coaching or reward can advance the pattern of moral development an individual goes through 139. According to data gathered in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, in 1976-1980 about ___ percent of U. S. teenagers were obese; in 2007-2010 this percentage was ___ percent. a. 5; 10 b. 10; 5 c. 25; 55 d. 5; 18 140. According to data gathered in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the rate of teenage obesity in the Unites States today is about __________ it was in the late 1970s. a. the same as b. double what c. triple what d. ten times what