41) Define sublimation. A) the phase transition from solid to gas B) the phase transition from gas to solid C) the phase transition from gas to liquid D) the phase transition from liquid to gas E) the phase transition from liquid to solid 42) Define freezing. A) the phase transition from solid to gas B) the phase transition from gas to solid C) the phase transition from gas to liquid D) the phase transition from liquid to gas E) the phase transition from liquid to solid 43) Define fusion. A) the phase transition from solid to liquid B) the phase transition from gas to solid C) the phase transition from gas to liquid D) the phase transition from liquid to gas E) the phase transition from liquid to solid 44) At atmospheric pressure, dry ice A) freezes. B) deposits. C) sublimes. D) melts. E) boils. 45) At atmospheric pressure, ice A) freezes. B) deposits. C) sublimes. D) melts. E) boils. 46) How much energy is required to heat 36.0 g H2O from a liquid at 65°C to a gas at 115°C? The following physical data may be useful. ΔHvap = 40.7 kJ/mol Cliq = 4.18 J/g?C Cgas = 2.01 J/g?C Csol = 2.09 J/g?C Tmelting = 0?C Tboiling = 100?C A) 63.5 kJ B) 87.7 kJ C) 10.9 kJ D) 52.7 kJ E) 91.7 kJ 47) How much energy must be removed from a 125 g sample of benzene (molar mass= 78.11 g/mol) at 425.0 K to liquify the sample and lower the temperature to 335.0 K? The following physical data may be useful. ΔHvap = 33.9 kJ/mol ΔHfus = 9.8 kJ/mol Cliq = 1.73 J/g°C Cgas = 1.06 J/g°C Csol = 1.51 J/g°C Tmelting = 279.0 K Tboiling = 353.0 K A) 38.9 kJ B) 95.4 kJ C) 67.7 kJ D) 54.3 kJ E) 74.4 kJ 48) How much energy is required to heat 87.1 g acetone (molar mass=58.08 g/mol) from a solid at -154.0°C to a liquid at -42.0°C? The following physical data may be useful. ΔHfus = 7.27 kJ/mol Cliq = 2.16 J/g°C Cgas = 1.29 J/g°C Csol = 1.65 J/g°C Tmelting = -95.0°C A) 8.48 kJ B) 18.5 kJ C) 32.2 kJ D) 29.4 kJ E) 9.97 kJ 49) How much energy must be removed from a 94.4 g sample of benzene (molar mass= 78.11 g/mol) at 322.0 K to solidify the sample and lower the temperature to 205.0 K? The following physical data may be useful. ΔHvap = 33.9 kJ/mol ΔHfus = 9.8 kJ/mol Cliq = 1.73 J/g°C Cgas = 1.06 J/g°C Csol = 1.51 J/g°C Tmelting = 279.0 K Tboiling = 353.0 K A) 17.6 kJ B) 11.8 kJ C) 70.2 kJ D) 10.5 kJ E) 29.4 kJ 50) Why is water an extraordinary substance? A) Water has a low molar mass, yet it is a liquid at room temperature. B) Water is the main solvent within living organisms. C) Water has an exceptionally high specific heat capacity. D) Water has strong hydrogen bonding. E