SOLVED

41. Which of the following is FALSE regarding sexual maturation? a. Sexual maturation is regulated by a feedback loop among the hippocampus, the pineal gland, and the gonads. b. Both sexes produce androgens and estrogens. c. After puberty, there is at least an eightfold increase in testosterone in males and an eightfold increase in estradiol in females. d. The hormones produced by the gonads initiate the production of mature eggs (oocytes) in females and mature sperm cells in males. 42. Regarding the order of sexual development, which of the following is usually the FIRST to occur in females? a. the appearance of pubic hair b. the development of “breast buds” c. menarche d. the growth spurt 43. Regarding the order of sexual development, which of the following is usually the LAST to occur in females? a. the appearance of pubic hair b. the development of “breast buds” c. menarche d. the growth spurt 44. Beatrice is 12 years old and has just begun to menstruate. The onset of menstruation is referred to as a. amenorrhea. b. menarche. c. enuresis. d. the secular trend. 45. The earliest marker of puberty in boys is a. penile growth. b. the growth of the testes. c. the appearance of facial hair. d. the drop in the boy’s voice. 46. Regarding the order of sexual development, which of the following is usually the LAST to occur in males? a. penile growth. b. the growth of the testes. c. the appearance of facial hair. d. the drop in the boy’s voice. 47. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding puberty in boys and girls? a. The earliest marker of puberty in boys is the growth of the testes. b. The earliest marker of puberty in girls is menarche. c. During puberty, it is not uncommon for boys to experience some breast development that usually resolves after a few years. d. Most girls do not have regular periods or ovulate immediately after the onset of menstruation. 48. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE regarding the age at which one starts puberty? a. The age when you started puberty was partly determined by your genes. b. In poor countries, girls from high income families mature several months to a year earlier than poor children do. c. The average age of a girls’ first period in industrialized nations declined from about 17 years to 12.5 years over a 150-year period. d. All of these statements are true. 49. The secular trend toward earlier puberty in industrialized countries is probably due to a. carcinogens in pesticides. b. hormone-enriched foods. c. improved health and nutrition. d. genetically-engineered foods and medications. 50. Over the last 150 years, there has been a five year decline in the average age of menarche, while there has been a substantial increase in the height of both boys and girls. These changes across generations represent a. secular trends. b. genetic growth plans. c. adolescent egocentrism. d. disordered puberty.