SOLVED

81. Research suggests that newborn infants have difficulty in focusing both of their eyes on a single object. This inability to use both eyes would imply that newborns would also be limited in their ability to: a. process depth perception using monocular vision b. process depth perception using binocular vision c. perceive color d. perceive different shapes 82. The visual cliff is used to test infants’: a. memory b. habituation c. color discrimination d. depth perception 83. Suppose you visit a child development laboratory and observe a researcher working with an 8-month-old baby. The baby is sitting on top of a piece of Plexiglas, which rests partly over a table top and then extends out over the end of the table. The apparatus being used in this experiment is typically called a: a. visual cliff b. binocular challenge c. visually guided grid d. perceptual challenge map 8 During the first few weeks of life, hearing is believed to be muffled because of: a. excess fluid and tissue in the middle ear b. an underdeveloped ear drum c. a lack of cartilage in the inner ear d. a lack of cartilage in the outer ear 85. The way in which a newborn hears probably would be most like which of the following? a. a deaf adult who reads lips b. a deaf adult who uses sign language c. a hearing adult who has a bad head cold d. a hearing adult who is blind 86. Which of the following abilities is the newborn infant capable of performing as early as the first week of life? a. making most of the sounds of the language in which he or she has heard prenatally b. distinguishing the smell of his or her mother from that of other women c. being able to grasp small objects by using the thumb and forefinger d. being able to see through closed eyelids how objects move about in this “dim” environment 87. Suppose you perform an experiment in which you allow a group of babies to suck on one of two different pacifiers. Some babies sucked on the one that was smooth and round and other babies sucked on the pacifier that had ridges on it and was oblong. Later, you show both pacifiers to the babies. Generalizing from similar research reported in the text, you would expect that the babies would look: a. longer at the pacifier that they had sucked on b. longer at the pacifier that was “new” c. equally long at both pacifiers d. at neither pacifier, since sucking on a “weird” pacifier was unpleasant for them 88. Suppose you perform an experiment in which you allow a group of babies to suck on one of two different pacifiers. Some babies sucked on the one that was smooth and round and other babies sucked on the pacifier that had ridges on it and was oblong. Later, you show both pacifiers to the babies and observe how long they look at each. An experiment such as this would most likely be performed to study which of the following topics? a. sensory integration b. classical conditioning c. habituation d. operant conditioning 89. According to the text, the processes that include thinking, learning, perceiving, remembering, and understanding are together referred to as: a. metacognition b. cognition c. perception d. accommodation 90. According to Piaget, a mental category is called a: a. metacognition b. metacategory c. adapted category d. schema