SOLVED

62) Which of the following accurately describes the chronological order of the changing institutional logics governing the regulation of scientific misconduct, from oldest to most recent? a. promoting research integrity; coercive measures; science as self-regulating b. coercive measures; promoting research integrity; science as self-regulating c. science as self-regulating; promoting research integrity; coercive measures d. science as self-regulating; coercive measures; promoting research integrity e. coercive measures; science as self-regulating; promoting research integrity 63) When a science’s belief system and/or technologies are significantly called into question as a whole,                                                     exists. a. a deviant science b. deviance in science c. trimming d. cooking e. forging 64) In contemporary Canadian society,            is the primary creator of society’s dominant moral code, by which “deviance” and “normality” are judged a. religion b. individual belief c. science d. public opinion e. government 65) According to Foucault (1980), a relationship exists between knowledge claims, power, and a. the resulting influence that those knowledge claims have on society b. the resistance of people to the exertion of that power. c. deviance in science d. deviant science e. fraudulent science 66) The theory underlying the science of eugenics was known as a. iceberg theory b. power-reflexive theory c. social Darwinism d. colonization theory. e. bio-social theory 67) Social Darwinism rationalized European colonization of countries throughout much of the world on the basis of the a. assumption that the more “evolved” European societies could help more “primitive” societies reach the next stage of social evolution more rapidly b. assumption that the role of inferior races in the world was to serve superior races. c. assumption that European cultures could learn a great deal from other cultures. d. assumption that the next stage of social evolution required the cooperation of and integration among the world’s peoples. e. assumption that the “powerful” have the inherent right to control the “powerless”. 68) What was the central goal of the eugenics movement? a. to distance scientific pursuits from religious ideologies b. to increase reproduction among society’s “superior” persons and decrease reproduction among society’s “inferior” persons c. to provide social assistance to society’s indigent d. to reduce birth rates in society as a whole e. to increase birth rates in society as a whole 69) Social Darwinism and the science of eugenics contributed to a. involuntary sterilization programs b. laws prohibiting interracial marriage c. the content of immigration policies d. the Holocaust e. a wide range of significant historical events, including all of those listed above. 70) Which of the following is an illustration of science acting as a social typer of deviance? a. doctors providing liposuction to people who want to improve their physical appearance b. the temperance movement c. efforts to “toughen” young offender legislation d. the use of the notion of “consent” in date rape trials e. doctors providing liposuction to people who want to improve their physical appearance, and the use of the notion of “consent” in date rape trials 71) Within which countries were eugenic ideals pursued by governments? a. Nazi Germany b. Britain c. Canada d. the United States e. All of the above 72) A large religion that is well established and has formalized rituals is known as: a. An ecclesia b. A church c. A sect d. A cult e. A denomination 73) The anti-cult movement and the media portrayal of violent and extreme religious groups arguably created ________ at various points in time. a. social hysteria b. religious othering c. a moral panic d. a counter cult movement e. anarchy 74) A scientist who adds in a few missing variables in a manner that supports and improves their results and then justifies the action by denying that this small change would hurt anyone is engaging in which of Sykes and Matza’s techniques of neutralization? a. Denial of injury b. Denial of the victim c. Denial of responsibility d. Condemn the condemners e. Appeal to higher loyalties 75) George recently began a new sales job where taking clients out and partying was considered part of the role. He regularly found parties with excessive drinking and other deviant activities and brought his clients there to socialize and get into their favour. He was starting to find himself losing control and partying to the extreme and his family is becoming concerned. This occupational deviance is best understood using: a. Techniques of Neutralization b. Social Bond’s theory c. Self-control theory d. Labelling theory e. Social learning theory 76) If research is released and it is determined that there is a clear androcentric bias to the information, this would be a violation of which of Merton’s norms of science? a. Communism b. Skepticism c. Disinterestedness d. Professionalism