SOLVED

131. Whitney believes that she is a capable, confident person who can usually succeed in whatever she tries to do. Psychologists would be most likely to conclude that she has: a. a phobia b. a strong sense of self-efficacy c. a comfortable developmental niche d. established a codominant relationship with her parents 132 The unique world experienced by each individual is called that person’s: a. developmental niche b. personal space c. family system d. normative space 133. If different members of the family experience quite different environments, this would be reflected in: a. a larger shared environment b. a larger nonshared environment c. a harsher developmental niche d. a challenge for self-concept development 134. The tendency to assume that one’s own cultural beliefs are normal and those of others are abnormal is referred to as: a. cohesion b. socialization c. ethnocentrism d. indoctrination 135. Patty doesn’t want to hang around with people from the other side of town because she says they are “weird.” Patty’s behavior best reflects the concept involved in: a. ethnocentrism b. self-efficacy c. normative age-graded influences d. normative history-graded influences 136. Little Timmy says, “Boys are cool and girls are stupid.” Timmy’s statement reflects the heart of what is meant by the term: a. normative age-graded influences b. nonnormative influences c. self-efficacy d. ethnocentrism 137. Which of the following is an example of a normative history-graded influence on development? a. retirement b. career change c. economic depression d. unemployment 138. At age 65, Reggie retired from high school teaching. This change most likely reflects a: a. normative, age-graded influence b. normative, history-graded influence c. nonnormative influence d. normative, gender-graded influence 139. Many individuals who grew up during the Great Depression were so devastated by the collapse of the economy that they became distrustful of depositing large sums of money in banks. The Great Depression would best be considered a: a. normative, age-graded influence b. normative, history-graded influence c. nonnormative influence d. normative, economic-graded influence 140. After Bill’s parents’ divorce, he and his mother were forced to move into an apartment and he had to switch schools. The losses Bill experienced following the divorce marked a turning point in his life, because from then on, he did poorly in school. His parents’ divorce would be considered a: a. normative, age-graded influence b. normative, history-graded influence c. nonnormative influence d. normative, gender-graded influence