SOLVED

31)Multiple observers should be used in psychology when A)observations are not completely subjective. B)there are questions about objectivity in making observations. C)it is thought that one observer is sufficient. D)the measure is unreliable. 32)Which of the following is an appropriate control for situations in which there may be questions of objectivity in making observations? A)Increase the number of participants. B)Decrease the number of conditions to be manipulated. C)Use laboratory animals instead of human participants. D)Use several observers to record participants’ responses. 33)A Kappa Index of Agreement is used when you have  A)multiple observers. B)a double-blind study. C)multiple particpants. D)a single-blind study. 34)Which of the following is TRUE regarding multiple observers? A)It encourages participants to behave more naturally. B)It causes participants to behave in an artificial manner. C)It encourages researchers to be more careful about their work. D)It creates more confusion when trying to interpret the study results. 35)The most common control for subject effects is A)the use of objective measures. B)the use of single-blind procedures. C)the use of automation. D)the use of deception. 36)All of the following influence interater reliability EXCEPT A)the number of raters used B)the training provided to the raters C)the motivation of the raters D)the quality of the scoring manual 37)Deception is used in studies in which A)assistants may bias the results. B)experimenter effects are likely. C)lack of objectivity is likely. D)subject effects are likely. 38)When deception is used in studies, participants are typically A)not told anything about the study. B)not told all the information about the study or given misleading information. C)told all the information about the study except the hypothesis. D)told all the information including the hypothesis. 39)In the Marlatt study of the effects of alcohol and expectations on behavior, a ________ design was used. A)placebo deception B)balanced placebo C)deception placebo D)blind placebo 40)Marlatt’s balanced placebo design employs a type of A)deception. B)regression to the mean. C)statistical procedure. D)research hypothesis. 41)What is the most common control for possible subject effects? A)Decrease the number of participants. B)Debriefing. C)Deception. D)Increase the number of observers. 42)The Marlatt alcohol study, which used a balanced placebo design, is an example of a study that used A)multiple observers. B)the triple-blind control process. C)deception. D)automation. 43)The number of cells in a balanced-placebo design is A)2. B)4. C)8. D)12. 44)A balanced-placebo design helps to control for A)particpant expectancies. B)errors that can arise from having multiple observers. C)researcher expectancies. D)errors that can arise from having multiple participants. Â