SOLVED

71. Which of the following is true regarding the visual processes of a typical newborn? a. Newborns can’t see any color, so they see only in black and white. b. Newborns prefer to look at faces more than at complex, abstract pictures. c. Newborns cannot focus clearly on any object nearer to them than about 2 feet but their vision for distant objects is nearly as good as an adult’s would be. d. Newborns can see out of only one eye at a time, so their attention shifts between eyes. 72. Suppose you show a newborn infant a sequence of 3 cards, each with an image printed on it. The first card consists of a very simple image of a black circle. The second card contains an image of moderate complexity, showing two circles and two squares. The third card contains a highly complex image of several different objects of various shapes, each overlapping the others. Which of these three cards would you expect a newborn to pay attention to for the longest period of time? a. You should expect that the newborn will pay an equal amount of attention to each of the 3 cards. b. The newborn will pay most attention to the simple image. c. The newborn will pay most attention to image of moderate complexity. d. The newborn will pay most attention to the image of the greatest complexity. 73. Suppose you show a newborn infant four photographs, one of his mother smiling, one of his mother making a fearful face, one of a stranger smiling, and one of a stranger making a fearful face. Which photograph should you expect the newborn to look at for the longest time? a. the smiling mother b. the fearful mother c. the smiling stranger d. the fearful stranger 7 If three babies of different ages were shown the same picture of a human face, you would expect that the 2-month-old baby would look longest at __________; the 5-month-old baby would look longest at the ___________; and the 8-month-old baby would look longest at ___________. a. the nose; the mouth; the eyes b. the entire face; the eyes; the eyebrows c. the mouth; the nose; the eyes d. the eyes; the mouth; the entire face 75. If a researcher is studying the “other race” effect, the research findings would suggest that: a. people have more trouble distinguishing among faces of people belonging to a racial group to which they have little exposure b. malnutrition is perceived to be more common among racial groups to which they have little exposure c. infants smile more at members of racial groups to which they have little exposure d. infants smile less at members of racial groups to which they have little exposure 76. The finding that newborns prefer to look at pictures of their mother’s face over pictures of strangers’ faces suggests that these behaviors may be linked to the development of: a. stranger anxiety b. attachment c. visual perception d. visual sensation 77. The neurons that seem especially involved in imitation are called: a. reciprocal neurons b. interactive neurons c. mirror neurons d. empathetic neurons 4,78. If you were to record the activity of a mirror neuron, you should expect that it would act in the same way when we perform an action – such as picking up an objects – as when we: a. think about performing that action b. choose to not perform that action c. read about performing that action d. observe someone else perform that action 79. Scientists currently are speculating that defects in the mirror neuron system may be implicated in which of the following disorders: a. depression b. hyperactivity c. autism d. Down syndrome 80. Which of the following types of cells is most likely to function as the basis for empathy? a. mirror neurons b. glial cells c. motor neurons d. sensory neurons