SOLVED

21. The term __________ typically includes grades seven and eight or six, seven, and eight and involves a philosophy of teaching that recognizes that young adolescents have a new-found ability to think abstractly and grapple with moral issues but still learn best when school creates strong ties to significant adults and encourages active, hands-on learning., a. stage-environment b. middle school c. junior high school d. open school 22. Which of the following is FALSE regarding school transitions for young adolescents? a. The terms “junior high school” and “middle school” refer to the same type of school transition. b. Academic achievement is more negatively affected by school transitions for girls than boys. c. Academic achievement is more negatively affected by school transitions for children from lower SES families. d. Declines in grades due to school transitions are not typically found in smaller communities. 23. The transition to middle school and then high school is often associated with a drop in grades because a. academic requirements become more stringent. b. adolescents have greater freedom in these schools which provides more opportunities for students to fall behind in their work. c. the transition is disruptive due to friendships being interrupted and children feeling less connected to teachers after elementary school. d. of all of these reasons. 24. In general, academic achievement is more negatively affected by school transitions for a. younger adolescents. b. boys than girls. c. students from smaller communities than large cities. d. all of these. 25. Children who have _________ are less bothered by school transitions. a. high intelligence b. brothers and sisters in the upper grades c. many friends and few daily hassles in their families d. all of these 26. Developmental psychologist Jacquelynne Eccles believes that children’s motivation for school declines across the transition to middle or junior high school due to mismatches between the children’s needs and the characteristics of some schools, which she referred to as a poor a. academic congruence. b. stage-environment fit. c. transitional match. d. developmental resolution. 27. On average, students who make the biggest gains in mathematics and reading attend schools that would be classified as a. very small high schools. b. middle-sized high schools. c. large high schools. d. very large high schools 28. School size influences students through _____________ and _____________. a. parental support; teacher quality. b. expenditure per student; class size. c. the sense of connection that exists between children and school; the academic programs offered. d. the independence granted to students during the school day; the support of the community. 29. Students in smaller schools who feel an emotional connection to their schools exhibit ____________ than students in larger high schools. a. better attitudes about school and fewer behavioral problems b. greater involvement in extracurricular activities c. higher attendance rates d. all of these more 30. Which of the following is/are TRUE regarding school size? a. Students in smaller schools report more emotional attachment to school than students in larger schools. b. Students’ school performances suffer if the school is so small that a limited number of AP courses are offered. c. School size is especially important for schools that enroll a high number of disadvantaged students. d. All of these statements are true.