SOLVED

22. Which of the following domains contains the most primitive prokaryotes that live in extreme environments? A. Archaea B. Bacteria C. Plantae D. Fungi E. Eukarya 23. Which of the following concepts is NOT one of the unifying theories of biology? A. All organisms are composed of cells. B. Life may arise through spontaneous generation. C. Life comes only from life. D. The internal environment of an organism stays relatively constant. E. All living things have a common ancestor and are adapted to a particular way of life. 24. Which of the following does NOT represent homeostasis? A. Sensors detect CO2 levels in the blood and trigger an increase or decrease in the rate of breathing. B. When body temperature drops, you shiver to generate heat; when your body heats up, you sweat and the evaporation cools you. C. Feelings of hunger and then fullness affect the length of time and quantity of food you eat, keeping your weight near a “set point.” D. Energy is captured by plants, then transferred to consumers and decomposers, and eventually lost as heat. E. Cells adjusting the openings on the bottom of leaves respond to differences in water stress in order to maintain moisture inside the leaf. 25. From Kansas to central Indiana to Pennsylvania, many people believe that they have water moccasins (also called “cottonmouths”) in their ponds. Some assert they have seen them, although they are certainly not so foolish as to try to capture one alive. Meanwhile, the fish and game offices and the range maps in the herpetology books indicate that this poisonous snake does not breed this far north. What is the most scientific attitude to assume on this issue? A. Observations by both the public and the fish and game officers are subjective so this is not easily resolved objectively. B. A simple field trip to the pond locations-that resulted in the capture and confirmation of the identity of the snakes-would settle the matter. C. Scientific books with range maps are based on field research and, therefore, determine the truth in this case. D. Because living organisms are active, scientific theories in biology always change. 26. Studying a brick does not predict the design of a skyscraper. Intense examination of muscle tissues does not allow you to predict the design of a kangaroo or clam. The structure of chlorophyll does not dictate the unique structure of a tree. These cases demonstrate A. the essential properties of life. B. the levels of organization from atom to biosphere. C. determinism, or how all phenomena are predictable effects of causes. D. emergent properties that are easily predicted by examining their parts. E. emergent properties that cannot be predicted by examining their parts. Â Â