SOLVED

51)Although evolutionary psychologists and sociobiologists tend to agree about the results of opposite sexual strategies for males and females, evolutionary psychologists contend that sociobiologists: A)have wrongly assumed that human behaviours have been subject to evolutionary selection pressures. B)incorrectly assume that men prefer younger women, and women prefer older men. C)rely too heavily on comparisons with other species in explaining human behaviours. D)place too much emphasis on the innate characteristics of many human behaviours. 52)________ is an interdisciplinary field that emphasizes evolutionary explanations of social behaviour in animals, including human beings. A)Evolutionary psychology B)Sociobiology C)Behavioural genetics D)Eugenics 53)Sociobiology refers to the belief that: A)human social and sexual practices are innate. B)human social and sexual practices are too unique and varied to be due to evolutionary factors. C)although biology determines many human characteristics, social behaviours result from the effects of culture. D)biological principles can be applied to social and sexual customs in both nonhuman animals and humans. 54)When she is teaching a class on “Our human heritage,” Prof. Shelbourne, a sociobiologist, is likely to contend that: A)evolution has bred into each of us a tendency to act in ways that maximize our chances of passing on our genes. B)evolution can explain simple behaviours, such as smiling or recognizing emotions, but it cannot account for complex social customs, such as altruism. C)it is simplistic and misleading for researchers to study nonhuman species and argue by analogy that humans have characteristics with similar evolutionary origins. D)explanations of infidelity and monogamy are based on stereotypes of gender differences, not the actual behaviour of human beings. 55)Sociobiologists suggest that humans behave in ways that will: A)optimize the chance of passing on their genes at the expense of the genes of their relatives. B)maximize the propagation of their genes and those of their relatives. C)optimize the chances for males, but not for females, to propagate their genes. D)maximize the survival of the fittest members of the community in which they live. 56)According to sociobiologists, males: A)need to shop for the best genetic deal. B)are choosy in their choice of sexual partners. C)seek secure, stable relationships to ensure the fidelity of females. D)are promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty. 57)According to sociobiologists, females: A)need to shop for the best genetic deal. B)compete with other females for access to young males. C)want sex more often than males do. D)are promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty. 58)Which of the following would an evolutionary psychologist expect to be more typical of females than of males? A)promiscuity B)choosiness about sexual partners C)concern with dominance D)emphasis on physical attractiveness of partners 59)Which of the following would NOT support the views of sociobiologists? A)Males are more likely than females to be promiscuous. B)Males are more likely than females to engage in frequent sex. C)Sexual practices of males are highly varied around the world. D)Males are more likely than females to be undiscriminating in their choice of sexual partners. 60)In a study of 10 000 people in 37 cultures, researchers found evidence that: A)women, compared to men, are more interested in the physical attractiveness of their partners. B)women, compared to men, are more sexually jealous and possessive of their partners. C)men, compared to women, are more likely to emphasize the prospects of a potential mate. D)men, compared to women, are more interested in the youth of their partners.