SOLVED

51) In a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction, a medication that reduces afterload is beneficial because it: A) Reduces the workload of the heart, reducing myocardial oxygen consumption B) Reduces the blood flow to unnecessary areas, redirecting blood to the heart C) Improves the stroke volume of blood ejected from the heart by also reducing preload D) Prolongs the Q-T interval, thereby allowing time for complete atrial contribution to the ventricles 52) A concern for patients taking both insulin and beta-blockers is: A) The two medications, when taken together, have a synergistic effect B) Beta-blockers, due to their sympatholytic effects on the nervous system, can further reduce available ATP to the cells of the body in the presence of insulin C) Beta2 adrenergic blockers can both hide the effects of hypoglycemia, making it difficult to recognize, and decrease the release of glucagon D) Beta-blockers prevent the release of insulin from the beta cells in the pancreas 53) The narcotic nalbuphine (Nubain) not only binds to opiate receptor sites to provide analgesia, it prevents other opioids, such as morphine sulfate, from binding to these sites, lessening respiratory depression. These characteristics make the drug a(n): A) Agonist-antagonist B) Competitive antagonist C) Competitive agonist D) Agonist 54) Which of the following statements about vitamins is NOT true? A) Vitamin D is unique in that it can be produced in the skin by sunlight exposure. B) The liver stores the fat-soluble vitamins; consequently, they will become deficient only after long periods of inadequate vitamin intake. C) The individual B vitamins are named for the order in which they are in demand by the body. D) The water-soluble vitamins must be routinely ingested, because the body does not store them. 55) Which of the following statements about cough suppressants is TRUE? A) Some cough suppressants contain opioid antitussives that can be habit forming. B) They often include expectorants that reduce the amount of sputum produced. C) They may include mucolytics that greatly diminish sputum production. D) Nonopioid medications are available by prescription only. 56) Teratogenesis refers to the: A) Effects of a drug on the developing fetus B) Decreased ability of the elderly to metabolize drugs C) Potential of a drug to cause cancer D) Likelihood of multiple births as a drug side effect 57) In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which element is most responsible for widespread vasoconstriction? A) Angiotensin I B) Angiotensinogen C) Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) D) Angiotensin II 58) Which of the following statements about warfarin (Coumadin) is NOT true? A) It actively breaks down the fibrin network, thereby dissolving formed thrombi. B) It helps treat chronic atrial fibrillation. C) It prevents coagulation by antagonizing the effects of vitamin K. D) It was originally used as rat poison. 59) Drugs with high abuse potential and no accepted medical benefits are classified as Schedule: A) I B) II C) III D) IV 60) Benzodiazepines are safer than barbiturates in seizure patients because: A) The effect of benzodiazepines is limited by the amount of endogenous GABA in the CNS B) Benzodiazepines cannot cause hypotension or respiratory depression C) The therapeutic dose of barbiturates is very close to the lethal dose D) Benzodiazepines cause a counteraction by inducing high levels of dopamine in the CNS