11.When “real wages†failed to keep pace in the period from 1923–1927 a.corporations decided to raise wages for all workers. b.labor unions were guaranteed the right to collective bargaining. c.the government passed social-welfare legislation. d.consumers began to rely more heavily on installment plans. 12.Several “sick†industries experienced all of the following problems EXCEPT a.a shrinking demand for their goods. b.bitter labor-management relations. c.high corporate taxes. d.an excess capacity of rail lines. 13.During the 1920s, American agriculture a.maintained its role as the main strength of the American economy. b.never recovered from the depression of 1921. c.was unable to produce a surplus of crops. d.moved away from sharecropping and tenant farming. 14.The Republican presidents of the 1920s a.used their power to directly aid the ailing farm economy. b.pursued programs that provided social reform. c.emphasized the importance of business interests. d.won narrow victories at the polls. 15.After the 1920 elections, Republicans controlled the a.presidency only. b.presidency and the House of Representatives only. c.presidency and the Senate only. d.presidency and both houses of Congress. 16.Senator George Norris of Nebraska criticized the Harding administration for a.being far too active in foreign affairs. b.giving in to the demands of labor. c.opposing protective tariffs. d.allowing big businesses to dominate American life. 17.The Teapot Dome scandal a.involved government officials illegally leasing land to oil companies. b.was one of many scandals that plagued the Hoover administration. c.resulted in Harding’s defeat in the 1924 primaries. d.revealed that the government was setting up monopolies in retail food sales. 18.Calvin Coolidge a.hailed from the South. b.strongly supported the concept of the active presidency. c.wanted the Federal Trade Commission to primarily support workers and consumers. d.continued Harding’s pro-business themes. 19.The Sheppard-Towner Act a.required less regulation of national banks. b.ended the shame of child labor. c.provided federal funds for infant and maternity care. d.regulated interstate commerce. 20.Politicians stopped supporting women’s reform issues a.when they realized women were not voting as a bloc. b.before any state could pass equal pay statutes. c.when women asked for the right to serve on juries. d.because many female reformers had close ties to the Soviet Union.