SOLVED

181)In a laboratory, smokers are asked to “drive” using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some of the subjects smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the driver’s seat. Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine. You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have. In this study, the independent variable is: A)the use of a driving simulator. B)the driving skills of each driver. C)the use of nicotine. D)the number of collisions. 182)In a laboratory, smokers are asked to “drive” using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some of the subjects smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the driver’s seat. Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine. You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have. In this study, the dependent variable is: A)the number of collisions. B)the use of nicotine. C)the driving skills of each driver. D)the use of a driving simulator. 183)Subjects are randomly assigned to the experimental or control condition to: A)make sure the two groups are equivalent. B)eliminate the placebo effect. C)control for experimenter effects. D)control for possible correlations between the independent and dependent variables. 184)In an experiment on the effects of playing video games on school grades, which group is the control group? A)a group that is allowed to play video games for as long as they want each day B)a group that plays video games only on weekends C)a group that is allowed to play video games for one hour each day D)a group that doesn’t play video games at all 185)All of the following are accurate statements regarding random assignment EXCEPT: A)it is a procedure in which each subject has the same possibility of being assigned to a given group. B)it is a procedure in which subjects are assigned to a positive correlation or a negative correlation condition. C)it is a procedure for assigning people to experimental and control groups. D)it is a procedure that allows individual characteristics to be roughly balanced between groups. 186)Professor Wakelin has developed a new form of therapy that he believes cures anxiety. Of the people who go through his program, 63% improve. A problem with his research study is: A)he conducted an experiment when he should have done a laboratory observation. B)over 30% of the people did not improve. C)it lacks a well-developed hypothesis. D)it lacks a control condition. 187)The ________ in an experiment is a comparison condition in which subjects are not exposed to the same treatment as in the experimental condition. A)double-blind condition B)criterion validity C)control condition D)single-blind condition 188)Dr. Rodgers believes that people under high stress are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease. When he randomly selects 30 participants who have high-stress jobs, he finds that 26 of the participants develop cardiovascular disease. Based on the results Dr. Rodgers concludes that stress causes an increase in the incidence of cardiovascular disease. His reasoning is flawed because in this study: A)he didn’t formulate a hypothesis prior to conducting the study. B)there was no control group for comparison. C)there was no independent variable. D)there was no dependent variable. 189)In a laboratory, smokers are asked to “drive” using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some of the subjects smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the driver’s seat. Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine. You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have. In this study, the cigarette without nicotine is: A)a placebo. B)a double-blind procedure. C)an hypothesis. D)a dependent variable. 190)________ is an experiment in which subjects do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group. A)Field research B)The double-blind study C)The single-blind study D)Correlational research