SOLVED

171) Which of the following is the correctly matched effective treatment and disorder according to the list of empirically supported treatments? a. Interpersonal therapy – phobias b. Psychodynamic therapy – depression c. Dialectical behaviour therapy – borderline personality disorder d. Systematic desensitization – schizophrenia 172) Critics of empirically supported treatments are concerned that a. psychiatrists and psychologists will eventually be forced to only treat mental health problems via pharmacotherapy. b. insufficient data exist for appropriately distinguishing between superior and inferior forms of psychotherapeutic treatments. c. the scientific method is not the best approach to take for establishing what best treatment practices are for the various psychological disorders. d. cognitive-behavioural therapy will be used at the expense of more effective treatments because it is cheaper. 173) Holly has recently entered therapy for her major depressive disorder at an important “down” period in her life. Her therapist suggests that she and Holly will work together to identify and change Holly’s irrational thinking. After six weeks, Holly feels less depressed. Suppose, however, that the change resulted not from the therapy but rather from the normal “ups and downs” that people experience. This suggests that clinicians need to consider the impact of ________ on therapeutic outcomes. a. self-serving biases b. spontaneous remission c. the placebo effect d. retrospective rewriting of the past 174) What treatment for schizophrenia was once considered effective, but is no longer accepted in the therapeutic community as a viable type of psychotherapy? a. Electroconvulsive shock therapy b. Direct analysis c. Psychodynamic therapy d. Exposure therapy 175) Bella had been very sad and fatigued, and when she first started treatment, she scored very highly on a measure of depression. A few months later, her therapist gave her the same test again and reported that the therapy must be working because Bella’s scores were lower, even though she does not feel much different. What is the best alternate explanation for this outcome? a. Retrospective rewriting b. Spontaneous remission c. Regression to the mean d. Self-serving bias 176) One reason that nearly any type of credible treatment may produce strong beneficial effects is that people hope it will and want it to work. This idea is referred to as a. the self-serving bias. b. spontaneous remission. c. the placebo effect. d. regression to the mean. 177) People who have gone through therapy often recall their therapy adjustment as much worse than it actually was. This often leads them to ________ how much improvement resulted from their psychotherapy experience. a. accurately estimate b. subjectively estimate c. overestimate d. underestimate 178) Statisticians will often describe how extreme performances, both good and bad, tend to be followed by more average levels of performance. This ________ might be one explanation for why many psychotherapy patients improve regardless of the type of therapy received. a. placebo effect b. self-serving bias c. regression to the mean d. retrospective rewriting 179) Sylvia has been seeing her therapist for over a year. While she still feels depressed and still feels unable to effectively establish new relationships, she justifies her continuation of therapy by persuading herself that she has gained insight into herself and was able to successfully open up to someone. Sylvia perceives her therapy as being effective due to _____________________. a. the placebo effect b. the self-serving bias c. regression to the mean d. spontaneous remission 180) The reliance on self-help books for treatment of problem behaviours or psychological concerns is referred to as ________________. a. logotherapy b. journalling c. bibliotherapy d. facilitated communication