91. Most people  a. want to live to be 91, on the average; but not to 100. b. want to preserve their quality of life more than adding years. c. fear living to be the oldest old because of poor health and not having enough money to be self-sufficient. d. show all of these characteristics. 92. The longest living people in the world live on the islands of Okinawa, Japan with the most striking feature of their lifestyle being  a. their genetic advantage. b. what they eat. c. the amount of outside exercise. d. excellent healthcare. 93. The most celebrated “longevity†diet is the so-called _________diet, which includes a daily fare of fruits, vegetables, and nuts, with little saturated fat. a. Norwegian b. Mediterranean c. Japanese d. Vegetarian 94. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE regarding how exercise helps older adults? a. Older people who get regular aerobic exercise are more fit than middle-aged people who are inactive. b. The benefits from weight-bearing exercise are noticeable after only a few months, even among very frail nursing home residents. c. Physical activity reduces depression and improves cognitive function. d. All of these statements are true. 95. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding how physical and mental activity helps older adults? a. Strength training improves balance, which reduces falls and injuries. b. The benefits from weight-bearing exercise are only realized after a year of exercise and tend to benefit only young and middle-aged adults, rather than frail nursing home residents. c. Physical activity reduces depression and improves cognitive function. d. Older adults who enjoy board games, play musical instruments, or read more have a lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. 96. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE regarding how physical and mental activity helps older adults? a. Exercise helps the brain increase levels of a chemical that stimulates the formation of new neurons. b. Exercise improves blood flow and reduces the risk of stroke. c. Active people who have already developed signs of the Alzheimer’s disease experience fewer cognitive problems than less active people with the same level of brain damage. d. All of these statements are true. 97. Exercise has the most effect on the_________ aspects of cognition, such as decision making, planning, and multitasking, the very skills that show the most age-related declines. a. short-term memory b. executive-control c. visual-processing d. language comprehension 98. Exercise helps our brains by increasing levels of ___________factor, a chemical that stimulates the formation of new neurons, promotes the formation of new connections, and keeps neurons healthy. a. serotonin-derived b. glutamate-endorphin c. brain-derived neurotrophic d. dopamine-interon 99. In a series of studies conducted in Scotland, __________ at age 11 was related to increased rates of alcoholism, smoking, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer before age 76. a. lower intelligence b. lower levels of serotonin c. higher levels of brain-derived neurotrophic d. being shy and introverted 100. In a series of studies conducted in Scotland, lower intelligence at age 11 was related to increased rates of  a. alcoholism. b. smoking. c. obesity. d. all of these.