61) A firm that locates all systems development and operations at its headquarters is using a ________ system configuration. A) unilateral B) centralized C) decentralized D) networked 62) ________ typically develop a single information system, usually at the home base, and then replicate it around the world. A) Domestic exporters B) Multinational firms C) Franchisers D) Transnational firms 63) Which of the following does not describe a difference between the way customers and producers see quality? A) For a consumer, quality means uniformity of the product. B) Consumers are concerned with the quality of the service. C) A consumer view of quality includes its durability and safety. D) For a producer, quality can be measured with a test. 64) Seeing quality as the responsibility of all people and functions in an organization is central to the concept of: A) Six Sigma. B) TQM. C) quality control. D) cycle time reduction. 65) The reduction of errors to 3.4 defects per million opportunities is central to the concept of: A) Six Sigma. B) TQM. C) benchmarking. D) cycle time reduction. 66) Which of the following is not an advantage for new companies entering the marketplace? A) They can implement new systems and equipment. B) They are not locked into an existing brand image. C) They are more highly motivated. D) They can establish new relationships with suppliers. 67) Based on your reading of the chapter case, which of the four generic business strategies was Ford Motor company following in implementing its new software and apps? A) Low-cost leadership B) Product differentiation C) Focus on market niche D) Customer and supplier intimacy 68) The iPad can be seen as a disruptive technology for the ________ industry. A) publishing B) music C) software D) travel 69) All of the following have been disruptive technologies except: A) the PageRank algorithm. B) the flash drive. C) minicomputers. D) the iPod. 70) All of the following are ways to improve quality except: A) improving products and services based on customer demands. B) simplifying the production process. C) implementing a new information system. D)