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31) The analysis of variance, ANOVA, is a misleading term because: A) it is an analysis of the differences between the standard deviations of groups and not the variances. B) variance is a singular term implying looking at one group, whereas ANOVA takes multiple groups into is analysis. C) it is not an analysis of the difference between the standard deviations of groups but of the differences between the averages of groups. D) analysis implies that results are absolute, without error, and there is always some measureable error in statistical analysis. E) analysis implies practical as well as statistical significance. 32) If we wanted to test for the mean likelihood that shoppers will shop again in different departments such as home and garden versus sporting goods, versus automotive, versus electronics, we would use: A) a z test for differences between percentages B) independent samples t test C) paired samples t test D) ANOVA E) departmental means test 33) Which of the following does NOT reflect the discussion around the use of ANOVA in your textbook? A) ANOVA uses the f test statistic B) ANOVA is a very efficient, convenient analysis when comparing 3 or more averages, over multiple two group tests. C) ANOVA’s null hypothesis is that none of all the possible group-to-group averages is significantly different. D) When the null hypothesis is not supported, follow-up analysis must be applied to identify where the significant differences are found. E) The alternative hypothesis is that at least two pair of averages is significantly different. 34) What are the steps used in XL Data Analyst to determine the significance of the difference among more than two group averages? A) “Compare,” select a metric grouping variable, select a metric target variable, and “OK.” B) “Compare,” select a categorical grouping variable, select a metric target variable, and “OK.” C) “ANOVA,” select a categorical grouping variable, select a metric target variable, and “OK.” D) “ANOVA,” select a metric grouping variable, select a metric target variable, and “OK.” E) “Compare,” select a metric grouping variable, select a categorical target variable, and “OK.” 35) The search for differences in the averages of more than two groups translates into: A) running multiple ANOVA tests. B) running multiple tests for differences of averages. C) partitioning a large market into a number of market segments. D) deciding on which two groups to analyze first as multiple paired comparisons are required. E) searching for practical significance over statistical significance. 36) When comparing the average of one variable to the average of another variable it is important to ensure the variables: A) have the same number of responses. B) come from different groups. C) are measured on the same scale. D) come from different studies. E) come from the same group but at different points in time; time series data. 37) Tommy Prothro, a marketing manager for Golden Snack Bars, has commissioned marketing research to determine if one recipe of snack bar is superior to another recipe. More than 400 persons who were “snack bar eaters” were involved in taste tests and, after tasting both recipes, they were asked which recipe they would purchase the next time they purchased snack bars. Tommy is now looking at the data and he sees that recipe “A” had 53 percent stating a preference, whereas recipe “B” had 47 percent. Tommy’s brand manager felt this was significant evidence and that the firm should produce recipe “A.” Tommy, however, wanted more proof so he asked the research firm to run a test to determine if there was a significant difference between the two recipes. By doing this, Tommy would get information that would allow him to determine: A) if there are real differences between the two recipes preferences in the population. B) if the differences between the recipes are really 6 percent or more. C) the number of consumers in each target market preferring recipe “A” versus “B.” D) whether or not the statisticians in the research firm agree with his brand manager. E) None of the above; there is no statistical test to determine significant differences between two percentages. 38) Tom Morrow who runs a car dealership was reviewing the results on a marketing research report presented to him by ABC Research. He had asked ABC to compare the overall preference of his target market for an economical car with that of a hybrid vehicle. The report showed that the null hypothesis was not supported. What can Tom conclude from this? A) That there is a difference in the level of preference for an economical car and that of a hybrid vehicle that exists within his target market. B) That his target market would prefer an economical hybrid. C) That he has two distinct target markets. D) That the question requires further investigation. E) That he needs to order economy cars and hybrids. 39) Rebecca Sims is the general manager of a chain of auto parts stores. There are 400 stores in the country and they are divided up into seven divisions based upon geography. Each division has a division manager. The firm prides itself on keeping close tabs on customer satisfaction, and Rebecca has decided to take a sample of the 400 to test a new surrogate measure of customer satisfaction; the dollar value of returned merchandise. Each sample store reports daily the dollar value of merchandise returned and an average is calculated for each division. When Rebecca sees the first set of results, she wants to know if the differences between the division means are real or due to sampling error. Rebecca should use which test? A) a z test of the difference between two percentages B) independent samples t test C) paired samples t test D) ANOVA E) a division differences test 40) Within one group, when significant differences between the averages of two variables such as ratings of importance are found, then the levels of the ratings are: A) indicating market segmentation opportunities. B) indicating that product changes are required. C) truly different in the population that the sample represents. D) practically significant. E) equally significant to the company.

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