SOLVED

MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 6-1) If a researcher conducts a study that includes independent and dependent variables, but does not make use of random assignment of subjects into different groups, it is likely this study would be classified as a(n) a. correlational study. b. descriptive study. c. quasi-experimental study. d. experimental study. 6-2) Professor Martin is interested in the relationship between college students’ grade point average and their performance on a standardized test of intelligence. In analyzing the results of his study, he looks at the degree of statistical association between these two variables. What type of nonexperimental study is Professor Martin conducting? a. Quasi-experimental b. Correlational c. Descriptive d. Factorial 6-3) Dr. Decesco is conducting research where she unobtrusively sits in various shopping malls and records the number of people in various groups as they go about their shopping activities. Her goal is to tally males and females into different groups as she records their behavior. What type of research strategy is most likely being used here? a. Quasi-experimental b. Correlational c. Descriptive d. Experimental 6-4) Which of the following is not a criterion for inferring a cause-effect conclusion? a. Covariation of the independent and dependent variables b. Causal time sequence c. Experimenter expertise d. Elimination of other plausible causes 6-5) Which type of study is the most likely to meet the criteria for causal inference? a. Descriptive study b. Naturalistic observation study c. Quasi-experimental study d. Correlational study 6-6) Quasi-experimental strategies have the ability to control systematic variance from two sources, the a. independent variable and extraneous variables. b. random variability and experimenter bias. c. mortality of subjects and interviewer bias. d. dependent variable and experimenter bias. 6-7) Relative to correlational studies, quasi-experimental studies allow researchers to control extraneous variables with the methods of holding conditions constant or a. random assignment of subjects to conditions. b. balancing. c. using highly controlled laboratory conditions. d. none of the above 6-8) What typically differentiates an experiment from a quasi-experiment? a. Experiments manipulate an independent variable, and quasi-experiments do not. b. Experiments randomly assign subjects to conditions, and quasi-experiments do not. c. Experiments make use of dependent variables, and quasi-experiments do not. d. Experiments make use of experimental and control groups, and quasi-experiments do     not. 6-9) Dr. Ronsoni carries out a study where he takes a group of depressed patients and runs them through a reaction-time task under laboratory conditions. He compares the performance of this group with the performance of a control group of college students from the local university. What type of study is he conducting? a. Correlational study b. Descriptive study c. Nonequivalent control group study d. Naturalistic observational study 6-10) In a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design, having a control group can help rule out the confounding effects of a. history, maturation, and regression to the mean. b. age, experimenter bias, and Hawthorne-type effects. c. gender bias, selection, and interviewer bias. d. interpretation bias, falsification of data, and instrumentation. 1