SOLVED

41) The term dialect is used to indicate a. variations of a language that follow no structural patterns. b. distinct and different languages found in the same country. c. language forms that share a common origin, but that have varied pronunciation, vocabulary, and syntax. d. language forms that are based on another language, but that do not have a syntactic structure of their own. 42) Rosario lives in southern Italy and Genero lives in northern Italy. Both speak Italian and can understand each other, but their language varies according to their geographical areas. What feature of language reflects these variations? a. Phonesthemes b. Syntax c. Dialect d. Extralinguistic information 43) Mike is from British Columbia and Mary Ann is from Nova Scotia. Mike sometimes makes fun of Mary Ann’s “maritime accent” and the way she pronounces certain words. In this example, Mike is noticing differences in _______________. a. syntax b. dialect c. morphemes d. phonesthemes 44) Your friend sends you a text message on your cell phone that says “This is just horrible!” In order to interpret what your friend is meaning, you often need _____________ to help you understand what is going on. a. phonesthemes b. syntax c. extralinguistic information d. dialect 45) Email can often lead to misunderstandings. This is because a. people misspell more often with email than with pen-and-paper writing. b. of decreasing literacy levels. c. most people read email more rapidly than other written forms. d. it lacks extralinguistic information. 46) Although extralinguistic information is not a formal part of language, it does serve the purpose of a. generally providing entertainment value, which captures our attention. b. assisting in interpretation. c. distracting us from the emotional aspects of communication. d. providing literal and factual information. 47) Extralinguistic information allows us to determine meaning by analyzing a. phonetics. b. grammar. c. context. d. added morphemes. 48) Our co-worker says, “It’s awful in here.” To understand what she means, we must a. examine the morphemes in the statement to determine the smaller units of meaning in the sentence. b. ignore nonverbal cues so that we are not distracted. c. parse the grammatical structure of her comment. d. take into account extralinguistic information, such as location and facial expressions. 49) Language requires tremendous resource use on the part of the brain. For this reason, ________ theorists believe that language must offer adaptive advantage. a. evolutionary b. cognitive c. psychoanalytic d. behaviourist 50) A key difficulty in explaining how language evolved is the ________ phonemes, words, and rules of syntax. a. rigidness and uniformity of b. consistency of c. resemblance of meaning to d. arbitrariness of