SOLVED

211)A psychologist is studying gender relationships in childhood and early adolescence. Children in grade 4 and in grade 6 are observed during lunchtime at school in order to assess seating preferences of boys and girls. From this information, it is evident that the researcher is: A)conducting a cross-sectional study. B)able to draw firm conclusions about cause and effect. C)conducting a longitudinal study. D)performing a meta-analysis procedure. 212)When Patrick and Mary Anne first got married they agreed to participate in a research project that investigates the happiness of married couples over time. Every five years they complete a survey that indicates their marital satisfaction. It is evident that Patrick and Mary Anne are: A)subjects in a cross-sectional study. B)participants in a longitudinal study. C)subjects in a control condition. D)participants in a single-blind study. 213)Techniques such as meta-analysis are useful in psychology because: A)they allow for the careful study of behaviour in schools, workplaces, and other natural contexts. B)rarely does one study prove anything, and this technique analyzes data from many studies. C)they include subjects who are exposed to experimental conditions that do not include the independent variable. D)they help reduce unintended changes in subjects’ behaviour due to cues given by the experimenter. 214)Interpreting the results of an experiment involves all of the following EXCEPT: A)choosing the best explanation. B)determining the effect size. C)summarizing the results with descriptive statistics. D)judging the results’ importance. 215)Which of the following statements is NOT true? A)Effect size can be small even with statistically significant results. B)Meta-analysis can reveal trends and effect size. C)Scientific breakthroughs are typically based on a single, well-designed study. D)Scientific progress typically occurs gradually. 216)The Tri-Council that governs the code of conduct of all research done in Canada is comprised of three main federal agencies, namely: A)CIHR, NSERC, AHFMR. B)SSHRC, CPA, CIHR. C)SSHRC, AHFMR, NSERC. D)NSERC, SSHRC, CIHR. 217)The Tri-Council policy statement published in 1998 regarding the ethical conduct for research involving humans contains the following principles EXCEPT: A)respect for free and informed consent. B)respect for vulnerable persons. C)respect for human dignity. D)limiting the use of deception. 218)According to the ethical guidelines of the Tri-Council and the Canadian Psychological Association, researchers using human subjects must do all of the following EXCEPT: A)provide adequate financial reimbursement to compensate for the time and effort of their subjects. B)warn the subjects in advance if any risk exists for those participating in the study. C)give subjects the opportunity to withdraw from the study at any time without any penalty. D)explain enough about the study so that subjects can decide whether they wish to participate. 219)As a result of controversy over the use of deception in research: A)the CPA now does not allow deception. B)debriefing is required when deception is used. C)deception is allowed as long as subjects are volunteers. D)subjects who are deceived must receive therapy free of charge if they request it. 220)People who participate in research studies must participate voluntarily and must know enough about the study to make an intelligent decision about participating, a concept known as: A)criterion validity. B)informed consent. C)the basic research ethic. D)experimental clarification.