31) Gomez Ford maintains a Web site that provides car shoppers with the prices and specifications of all the cars the dealership has in stock. Car shoppers can also negotiate with Gomez salespeople via e-mail to get the best deals on cars. By offering customers the ability to gather information and negotiate online, Gomez Ford has most likely ________. A) reassured channel partners B) offered branded variants C) modified the channel format D) increased transaction costs E) engaged in niche marketing 32) Which term refers to going to market through both third parties and one’s own distribution divisions? A) free riding B) channel stuffing C) multi-distribution D) broadbanding E) dual distribution 33) Dual channels most likely enable a manufacturer to ________. A) offer more coverage to downstream channel members B) shift business from one channel to the other C) sell more fast moving consumer goods D) forecast upstream supply needs E) monitor promotional activities 34) Which of the following is most likely exemplified by Sony setting up “boutiques†in upscale malls for the purpose of attracting female shoppers? A) demonstration argument B) piggybacking channels C) upstream forecasting D) cherry-picking E) selectivity 35) Company X and Company Y have partnered together so that each firm sells its own products and those of the partner. Which term best describes the arrangement between Company X and Company Y? A) piggybacking B) mutual franchising C) intensive distribution D) exclusive distribution E) reciprocal piggybacking 36) Which of the following is NOT a method for closing a service gap? A) expanding the level of service outputs provided B) offering multiple, tiered service output levels C) retracting the level of service outputs provided D) outsourcing all service and sales activities E) altering the list of segments targeted 37) Which of the following is a method for closing cost gaps? A) increasing the intensity of channel coverage B) forming a piggybacking channel system C) investing in new distribution technologies D) engaging in horizontal integration E) setting managerial boundaries 38) In a piggybacking channel, the firm making the product that requires distribution is known as the ________. A) partner B) rider C) vendor D) carrier E) supplier 39) The instability of carrier-rider relationships can most likely be corrected by ________. A) piggybacking B) better coverage C) more reward power D) premium positioning E) reciprocal piggybacking 40) Which of the following is most likely a true statement about closing cost and service gaps? A) Service gaps are a significant concern when the competition has the same service gaps. B) Cost gaps usually occur when multiple channel functions are performed too inexpensively. C) Closing gaps caused by managerial and environmental bounds is typically quick and inexpensive. D) Cost gaps can be closed by changing the roles of current channel members to improve efficiency. E) An oversupply of customer service does not lead to service gaps because no costs are involved. 41) Total saturation is a commonly used strategy because intensive distribution enables a manufacturer to have significant influence on how channel members perform marketing channel functions. 42) In most cases, downstream channel members prefer exclusive distribution arrangements, while manufacturers benefit more from intensive distribution. 43) A pull strategy is both common and effective in fast moving consumer goods channels. 44) A service gap can be closed by altering the list of segments targeted or by expanding the level of service outputs provided. 45) In a carrier-rider relationship, which is typically very stable, each firm sells its own products an