SOLVED

11) Sorting a collection of cases into two or more groups is referred to as _____, whereas _____ refers to selecting a smaller subset of cases from a larger pool of cases. A) random sampling, random assignment B) random assignment, random selection C) purposive sampling, selective sampling D) random assignment, random sampling E) random assignment, purpose sampling 12) Professor Mike Michaelson just finished a study that used a traditional experimental research design and was based on a sample of students from his introductory psychology class. Despite the fact that his article was published in a leading psychology journal, his colleagues criticized his study as just another example of research termed “science of the sophomore.” What specifically was Professor Michaelson apparently guilty of? A) His research was biased because he used a sample that was known to him. B) Professor Michaelson used deception in his research. C) His study lacked generalizability. D) His study lacked empirical data. E) Given that he used his psychology class as his sample, his study would have lacked a control group. 13) The traditional experimental design is divided into seven parts, five of which are the following: treatment variable, _____, pretest, post-test, experimental group, control group, and _____. A) research question, random assignment B) dependent variable, random assignment C) random assignment, sample D) independent variable, random selection E) hypothesis, random treatment 14) In experiments, the treatment variable is simply another term for A) the independent variable. B) random assignment. C) the dependent variable. D) the control group. E) the intervening variable. 15) Professor Bonnie Bonom said, “I’ve got to debrief the subjects” and walked into the experimental lab. What is she going to do? A) Measure the dependent variable B) Measure the independent variable C) Randomly distribute subjects into groups D) Tell the subjects what the experiment is really all about, because he had lied to them earlier E) Tell the subjects a story to deceive them, so they won’t know the true hypothesis being tested 16) What is the name for the experimental design in the following symbolic representation? OXO A) One group pretest post-test B) One shot case study C) Two group post-test only D) Static group comparison E) Factorial design 17) Doctoral candidate Stella Sodapop wanted to see whether caffeine intake increased a subject’s state of sexual arousal. She randomly assigned 100 high school seniors to either an experimental or control group. The experimental group drank a high caffeine soda, while the control group drank a caffeine-free soda. She then measured and compared arousal states for both groups. What type of design did Stella use? A) Two group post-test only design B) Pretest-post-test C) Classical experimental D) Static group comparison E) Interrupted time series 18) Professor Steve Slick used the classical experimental design to test ways to raise self-assurance in stressful situations. He gathered 100 students from his Introduction to Psychology class in a room and randomly assigned each student to one of two groups. His independent variable was a toy called Rubik’s Cube in which a person needs to manipulate boxes bound together in a multi-coloured cube to align their colours. He created stress by having a large clock in the room. The dependent variable was speed in getting the cube’s colours to align. He measured the level of self-assurance of people in one group with a questionnaire with 15 Likert Scale items and then had the subjects manipulate cubes that were rigged to be easy. They answered another self-assurance questionnaire after completing the task. He measured self-assurance in the second group with the same questionnaire and then had the subjects manipulate cubes that were rigged to be impossible to solve. The subjects answered another self-assurance questionnaire after 50 minutes of trying to complete the impossible task. At what part of the experiment does Slick measure the level of his dependent variable after introducing the independent variable? A) Control group B) Experimental group C) Pretest D) Post-test E) Random assignment 19) After the delivery of a baby, new parents at Fraser Valley General Hospital were given a poison knowledge test. While at the hospital they attended a three-hour training session on poison awareness. A week later, they took the poison test again. After the delivery of a baby, new parents at the neighbouring Cascadia University Hospital were given the poison knowledge test just before leaving for home. One week later, they took the test again. What kind of design is being used here? A) One group pretest-post-test design B) Two-group post-test-only design C) Nonequivalent control group D) Static group comparison design E) Equivalent time series design 20) In 1976 the Canadian federal government reduced the speed limit on all major highways in Canada from 110 to 90 kilometres per hour. In 1988 the federal government raised the speed limit to 110 kilometres per hour. Then, in 1996, individual provincial governments were given the choice to decide the highway speed limit in their own provinces and thus many raised it to 120 kilometres per hour. Both proponents and critics of the law have looked at the number of traffic deaths per 1000 kilometres driven on the highways between 1970 and 1998 to see whether the law had any impact on traffic deaths. What type of design is this? A) One-shot case study B) Equivalent time series design C) Pretest-post-test one group design D) Interrupted time series design E) Solomon four-group design