SOLVED

11) Professor Vladmir Vukovich cross-classifies the degree of conflict in a divorce (bitter, unpleasant, neutral, friendly) by whether the divorce involved the custody of children. He ends up with eight types of divorce and uses them to study divorce. Professor Vukovich developed a(n) A) causal explanation. B) aggregate. C) classification. D) grounded theory. E) negative relationship. 12) Which concept has the highest level of abstraction, i.e., it is the most abstract? A) A murder B) The size of a city’s population C) Years of education attained D) Racial injustice E) An African-American child  13) The following set of ideas—legal system, punishment, violent crime, income/race inequality, belief in deterrence, and human rights—would be considered a concept cluster for which of the following concepts? A) Marriage customs B) Immigration C) Art gallery D) Death penalty E) Educational system  14) Graduate student Midori Suzuki studied how rice farming fits into Japanese society. Before she began the study, she relied on her prior knowledge that rice is a basic part of the diet of Japanese people. This is called one of her A) ideal types. B) assumptions. C) classifications. D) predictions. E) aggregations. 15) Professor Dalessha Dahl developed a pure model of the “street kid” drug pusher to help her study a large city ghetto. She is using a(n) A) aggregation. B) replication. C) ideal type. D) classification. E) jargon. 16) Which of the following propositions has the greatest theoretical range/level? A) Canadians who marry when they are older than 30 years old are less likely to divorce. B) University students who study more hours get higher grades on examinations. C) Almost all of the people who rob other people in major Canadian cities are males. D) During the past century, people in human societies moved toward using mass media on a more frequent basis. E) Young children who attended day care performed better in high school than children who stayed at home. 17) How do inductive and deductive approaches to social theory and research differ? A) Inductive begins at the top of society and moves toward the bottom. Deductive begins at the bottom of society and moves toward the top. B) Inductive begins with small things and moves toward big things. Deductive begins with big things and moves toward small things. C) Inductive begins with concrete or observable things and moves toward abstract or theoretical ideas. Deductive begins with abstract or theoretical ideas and moves toward concrete or observable things. D) Inductive begins with big things at the top of society and moves toward small things at the bottom of society. Deductive begins at the bottom with small things and moves toward big things at the top. E) Inductive begins with the abstract or theoretical ideas and moves toward the concrete or observable. Deductive begins with concrete or observable things and oves toward abstract or theoretical ideas. 18) Which statement about prediction and causal explanation is true? A) Prediction and explanation are two words for the same thing. B) Explanation is easier to show with the scientific method than prediction is. C) If one has prediction, one has all the basics of a causal explanation. D) If one has a good causal explanation, one should be able to make accurate predictions. E) Predictions are to basic research as explanations are to applied research. 19) In a structural explanation, A) a researcher explains something of interest by identifying its cause or causes. B) a researcher describes a chain of cause and effect as being like a string of balls in a row such that hitting one causes it to hit another, and so forth. C) a researcher attempts to comprehend or mentally grasp the social world in terms of the subjective world view of other people. D) a researcher uses an interconnected web of concepts and relationships around a central idea or describes a sequence of phases in which one occurs before the next. E) A and B. 20) Professor Pablo Pontes developed which theory to describe the dispersion of European settlers in Northern Mexico during the sixteenth century based on following river valleys? A) Micro-level theory B) Meso-level theory C) Macro-level theory D) Empirical generalization E) Middle range theory