11)Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the abstract number system? A)Identity. B)Orderliness. C)Equal intervals. D)A true zero. 12)The four characteristics of the abstract number system are identity, magnitude, a true zero, and A)reversibility. B)transitivity. C)additivity. D)equal intervals. 13)In which of the following examples is the number system most closely matched to the variables? A)Preference rankings of Dr. Pepper, root beer, and ginger ale. B)The range of scores on an IQ test. C)The total number of outbursts of autistic children. D)Ratings of job satisfaction. 14)Measurement of a variable is affected by A)the variable’s characteristics and the binary number system. B)extraneous variables and the concrete number system. C)extraneous variables and the imaginary number system. D)the variable’s characteristics and the abstract number system. 15)When a dependent variable, such as number of correct responses, provides a good match with the real number system, A)all of the mathematical operations can be performed on the data. B)only the operations of addition and subtraction can be performed on the data. C)only the positive operations of addition and multiplication can be performed on the data. D)the variable shows a magnitude in the opposite direction of the real number system. 16)A dependent variable of the number of correct responses on a test would A)not match the real number system. B)partially match the real number system. C)not be applicable to the real number system. D)provide a good match to the real number system. 17)When dependent variables are well matched with the real number system, A)more powerful statistical tests can be used to analyze the data. B)less powerful statistical tests must be used to analyze the data. C)statistical tests become meaningless. D)interpretation of the results becomes more difficult. 18)In order to select the appropriate statistical test, it is critical that the researcher A)be able to identify the level of measurement of the dependent variable. B)be able to predict the results in advance. C)be familiar with the most sophisticated statistical packages. D)have all the data collected before deciding. 19)The vignette in your text about the Mars Climate Orbiter serves as an example of mishaps that can occur when  A)you use two different units of measurement. B)doing space research. C)researchers from two different laboratories collaborate D)you forget to take proper measurements. 20)Misconduct in science is A)nothing but harmless exaggeration. B)OK because advertisers and politicians do something similar. C)a serious offence with severe consequences. D)