SOLVED

1) Which of the following best defines a mineral and a rock? A) A rock has an orderly, repetitive, geometrical, internal arrangement of minerals; a mineral is a lithified or consolidated aggregate of rocks. B) A mineral consists of its constituent atoms arranged in a geometrically repetitive structure; in a rock, the atoms are randomly bonded without any geometric pattern. C) In a mineral the constituent atoms are bonded in a regular, repetitive, internal structure; a rock is a lithified or consolidated aggregate of different mineral grains. D) A rock consists of atoms bonded in a regular, geometrically predictable arrangement; a mineral is a consolidated aggregate of different rock particles. 2) Which of the following is not a fundamental particle found in atoms? A) neutron B) selectron C) electron D) protons 3) Atoms of the same element, zinc for example, have the same number of ________. A) electrons in the nucleus B) protons in the nucleus C) neutrons in the outer nuclear shell D) electrons in the valence bond level 4) Which of the following is an accurate description of ionic bonding? A) Nuclei of bonding atoms exchange electrons; the resulting ions are bonded together by the attractive forces between the negative and positive nucleons. B) Atoms of two different elements share electrons and protons; the resulting compound is bonded together by the strong, binding energy of shared protons. C) Nuclei of two different atoms share electrons, and the resulting compound is tightly bonded by the very strong, induced, electronuclear bonds. D) Atoms of different elements, having gained or lost electrons, form negative and positive ions that are bonded together by attractive forces between ions with opposite charges. 5) Which of the following is correct for isotopes of the same element? A) The atoms have different numbers of protons and the same number of neutrons. B) The atoms have the same number of electrons and different numbers of protons. C) The atoms have different numbers of neutrons and the same number of protons. D) The atoms have different numbers of electrons but the same number of neutrons. 6) What mineral is the hardest known substance in nature? A) silicate B) native gold C) diamond D) muscovite 7) Which carbonate mineral reacts readily with cool, dilute hydrochloric acid to produce visible bubbles of carbon dioxide gas? A) calcite B) quartz C) dolomite D) plagioclase 8) Which mineral is composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2)? A) calcite B) diamond C) olivine D) quartz 9) Which of the following minerals is a silicate? A) hematite B) muscovite C) calcite D) halite 10) A cubic centimeter of quartz, olivine, and gold weigh 2.5, 3.0, and 19.8 grams respectively. This indicates that ________. A) gold has a higher density and specific gravity than quartz and olivine B) gold is 6 to 7 times harder than olivine and quartz C) gold and olivine are silicates, quartz is elemental silicon D) olivine and quartz powders are harder than metallic gold 1