SOLVED

31. Specific criteria for brain death differ around the world, but typical laws require physicians to document a lack of brain activity on more than one occasion in which of the following areas of the brain? a. the higher brain regions of the cerebral cortex b. the mid-brain regions c. the lower brainstem regions that control the reflexes d. in all of these areas 32. Claudia has been on a respirator for over a month. Her physicians have found no brain activity in any area of her brain, including the brain stem region. Claudia is a. in a coma. b. in a persistent vegetative state. c. experiencing a brain death. d. experiencing a somatic death. 33. Patients in a coma a. exhibit no sleep-wake cycle. b. show no awareness of themselves or their surroundings. c. cannot be awakened by stimulating them. d. exhibit all of these symptoms. 34. After her car accident, Vera was in a prolonged state of unconsciousness due to pressure on multiple parts of her brain. She showed no awareness of herself or her surroundings, could not be awakened by stimulation, had no sleep-wake cycle, and appeared to be asleep all of the time. Vera is a. in a coma. b. in a persistent vegetative state. c. experiencing a brain death. d. experiencing a somatic death. 35. Patients in a persistent vegetative state exhibit all of the following EXCEPT for a. having a sleep-wake cycle. b. appearing to be asleep. c. being able to groan. d. being able to turn toward a sound or smile. 36. After her car accident, Rosalie never regained consciousness. She has been residing in a nursing home for the last ten years and requires a feeding tube in order to survive. She has lost most of her higher brain functions and is unable to recognize anyone. Rosalie appears to be awake due to behavior regulated by her lower brain regions. She also shows sleep-wake cycles and will groan, turn toward sound, and even smile. Rosalie is  a. in a coma. b. in a persistent vegetative state. c. experiencing a brain death. d. experiencing a somatic death. 37. The case of Karen Ann Quinlan, a 21-year-old who sank into a vegetative state in 1975 after ingesting several drugs and drinking alcohol, launched the  a. “right-to-die” movement. b. patients’ rights movement. c. nursing home reform movement. d. movement against binge drinking on college campuses. 38. After her parents won the legal right to remove her from a respirator, Karen Ann Quinlan, a 21-year-old in a vegetative state,   a. died within minutes of being removed from the respirator. b. died within a year of being removed from the respirator. c. died almost ten years after being removed from the respirator. d. is still alive and has shown slight improvement in reflex actions. 39. Because Karen Ann Quinlan, a 21-year-old in a vegetative state, continued to breathe on her own after she was removed from the respirator, she      a. would meet the criteria for brain death since she does not have higher brain functions. b. would meet the criteria for somatic death since she only has brainstem function. c. would not meet the criteria for brain death since she has brainstem function. d. was really in a coma and not a persistent vegetative state. 40. _________ are individuals who specialize in the study of behavioral standards, morals, and moral choices. a. Humanists b. Behaviorists c. Moralists d. Ethicists