SOLVED

91)________ is defined as a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group. A)The inheritance quotient B)Heritability C)Factor analysis D)The nature–nurture argument 92)Which of the following statements is true about heritability? A)Heritability allows a person to determine how much of his or her intelligence is determined by genetics. B)A trait with high heritability generally cannot be modified by experience. C)If a trait is determined to be highly heritable in one environment, it will be so in all environments. D)Heritability cannot be directly measured; it must be inferred based on studies of people with a known degree of genetic similarity. 93)Which of the following is NOT one of the important facts about heritability? A)Estimates of heritability apply to variations within a group regardless of environment. B)Estimates apply only to a particular group living in a particular place. C)Estimates do not apply to individuals, but only to variations within a group. D)Even when a trait is highly heritable, it can still be modified by the environment. 94)Which of the following statements is FALSE? A)It is impossible to know just how a particular individual’s genes and personal history have interacted to produce him or her. B)The most effective approach to estimate the heritability of a trait or behaviour is to compare blood relatives within families. C)Adopted children are studied because they share an environment with their adoptive parents and siblings, but do not share their genes. D)The heritability of a trait can be estimated by comparing groups of same-sex fraternal twins with groups of identical twins. 95)All of the following methods are used in assessing heritability EXCEPT the: A)study of families where most members share a particular trait. B)comparison of adopted children to their biological and their adoptive parents. C)comparison of identical twins with same-sex fraternal twins. D)study of identical twins separated shortly after birth and reared apart. 96)________ develop when a fertilized egg divides into two parts that develop into separate embryos. A)Monozygotic twins B)Fraternal twins C)Dizygotic twins D)Wombmates 97)An intelligence quotient is a/an: A)midpoint in a set of intelligence test scores that is computed after the scores are ordered from the highest to the lowest. B)measure of the variability of intelligence test scores that is computed by taking every score in the distribution and determining how much it differs from the mean. C)statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in intelligence that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group. D)measure of intelligence originally computed by dividing a person’s mental age by his or her chronological age and multiplying the result by 100. 98)Which of the following statements is FALSE? A)The average IQ score for each age group is arbitrarily set at 100. B)Two-thirds of all IQ test takers score between 95 and 105. C)The distribution of IQ scores approximates a bell-shaped curve. D)Very high or very low IQ scores are rare. 99)It is clear that the kind of intelligence that produces high IQ scores is: A)highly heritable. B)moderately heritable. C)only slightly heritable. D)uncorrelated with heritability. 100)Which of the following is true with regard to the heritability of intelligence? A)Heritability estimates are higher for children than for adults. B)Heritability estimates increase with age up to at least late middle age. C)Heritability estimates differ for males and females. D)Regardless of age, heritability estimates for intelligence range from 0.75 to 0.90.