SOLVED

61)Which of the following can be explained by traditional evolutionary theorists? A)Female emperor penguins take off every winter, leaving behind the male penguins to care for their offspring. B)When the male member of a couple is much older than the female member, people rarely comment, but when the female is much older than the male, people take notice. C)A woman of the Bari people in Venezuela is permitted to take lovers other than the father of her child during pregnancy. D)Our prehistoric ancestors lived in small bands in which there were not a large number of sexual partners from whom to choose. 62)An evolutionary theorist would have difficulty explaining all of the following EXCEPT: A)female promiscuity. B)male nurturance. C)varying sexual attitudes and practices across cultures. D)male inclination toward polygamy. 63)The relative power of biology and culture is the main issue confronting evolutionary theorists and their critics. Evolutionary psychologists believe that genes hold culture on a leash that is ________, whereas their common critics contend that the leash is ________. A)long and flexible; short and tight B)elastic; short and tight C)short and tight; long and flexible D)elastic; long and flexible 64)Evolutionary psychologists and sociobiologists would agree that: A)the study of nonhuman species is an effective method in exploring the evolution of human characteristics. B)human males and females differ in their sexual strategies and practices. C)the study of human dating and mating practices around the world is the most effective method in exploring sexual strategies. D)the sexual behaviour of the female does not seem to depend on the goal of fertilization because pregnant females continue to have sex. 65)Critics of sociobiology present all of the following arguments EXCEPT: A)evolutionary explanations of sexual behaviour ignore the variability of human sexual practices. B)in some species, males are monogamous, and in other species, females are promiscuous. C)in surveys of humans, both males and females rank such qualities as kindness and intelligence as highly important in selection of a mate. D)in the majority of world cultures, males are more likely to be promiscuous and undiscriminating in selection of a sexual partner compared to females. 66)The strongest predictors today of the mates people actually choose are: A)similarity and proximity. B)physical characteristics and facial attractiveness. C)intelligence and physical characteristics. D)proximity and facial attractiveness. 67)The notion that the wealthy and successful are more reproductively fit than other people is called: A)sociobiology. B)neural networking. C)behavioural genetics. D)social Darwinism. 68)According to Charles Darwin, language: A)evolves by probability decisions that one word is likely to follow another. B)is an innate capacity for verbal communication. C)is a communication system used by primates. D)is an instinctive ability unique to human beings. 69)________ is defined as a system that combines meaningless elements such as sounds or gestures to form structured utterances that convey meaning. A)Communication B)Universal grammar C)Language D)Deep structure 70)The central distinction between human language and other communication systems is that language: A)is spoken. B)allows for the generation of an infinite number of new utterances. C)is learned through explicit training by parents. D)expresses meaning directly through its surface structure.