SOLVED

1. Erik Erikson defined the period of middle childhood as revolving around which of the following developmental crises? a. trust versus mistrust b. generativity versus stagnation c. initiative versus guilt d. industry versus inferiority 2. According to Selman, the primary force behind developmental changes in children’s friendships is which of the following? a. the child’s age b. the child’s intelligence level c. the child’s ability to understand the difference between right and wrong d. the child’s ability to take another person’s perspective 3. Today, in comparison with women who do not have children, women with school-age children are: a. much less likely to work outside the home b. slightly less likely to work outside the home c. about equally likely to work outside the home d. more likely to work outside the home 4. Some critics suggest that teachers who provide too much praise create children: a. with negative self-images b. who are critical of others and lack empathy c. who have no sense of boundaries d. who do not have a realistic sense of their own strengths and weaknesses 5. Which of the following statements is most likely to have been made by a boy, rather than a girl? a. She broke the rules and she got what she deserved. b. The punishment should be lenient because she has to take care of her children. c. She should not be punished because she was trying to help. d. She should be punished because she didn’t care about what happened to the other people. 6. As children move from early to middle childhood, their peer groups generally become: a. less formal, with members moving in and out of the group frequently b. less structured, with fewer rules for group membership c. less gender segregated, with most groups having both boys and girls d. more conformist, with stricter expectations about how group members should behave 7. Which of the following best describes the relationship between age and a child’s likelihood of having friends from a different racial or ethnic group? a. Older children are more likely to have friends from different racial/ethnic groups. b. Younger children are more likely to have friends from different racial/ethnic groups. c. 7-year-old children are more likely to have friends from different racial/ethnic groups than are children who are older or younger. d. Age is unrelated to the likelihood of having friends from different racial/ethnic groups. 8. Dean realizes that rules are agreements that may be changed if necessary. He is in which of Piaget’s stages of moral reasoning? a. moral realism b. moral relativism c. preconventional stage d. conventional stage 9 George and Ramona want to help their son develop self-regulated behavior. They will be most successful if they: a. gradually increase the child’s involvement in family decisions b. gradually decrease the child’s involvement in family decisions c. use power-assertive socialization d. allow the child to set his own behavior limits and experience the consequences 10. If you know that Bob is a highly resilient child, even though he has grown up under stressful circumstances, your best guess is that his early life was characterized by: a. insecure attachment to his mother b. insecure attachment to his father c. difficult temperament d. easy temperament