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131) According to a behavioural view of the causes of personality, both _____________ and _____________ together explain why our personalities differ. a. biological factors; reciprocal determinism b. the personal unconscious; the collective unconscious c. genetic factors; environmental contingencies d. the pleasure principle; the reality principle 132) An area of agreement between the psychodynamic and behaviourist perspectives is a. their focus on the unconscious mind as it was conceptualized by Sigmund Freud. b. the belief that free will is an illusion. c. the importance of the conscious mind. d. the importance of sexuality and aggression as human motives that drive personality. 133) Marley believes that she did poorly on her psychology exam because the test was too hard and her teacher is mean, whereas Jeff thinks that he did poorly on his psychology exam because he did not study hard enough. Based on this example, Jeff has an ___________ locus of control and Marley has an __________ locus of control. a. internal; internal b. internal; external c. external; internal d. external; external 134) Which one of the following statements reflects an internal locus of control? a. One can climb the professional ladder just by being around at the right time. b. Many people lead miserable lives because of their parents. c. If you set realistic goals, you can succeed no matter what. d. No matter how hard I study, I cannot pass my exam. 135) What is Albert Bandura’s term for the relationship among the three factors that influence personality? a. Reciprocal determinism b. Learned responses c. Feedback loops d. External expectancies 136) Which of the following was not a facet of Bandura’s theory of reciprocal determinism? a. Feelings of inferiority b. Environment c. Cognition d. Behaviours 137) The role of reciprocal determinism was highlighted by the a. behaviourists. b. trait theorists. c. social learning theorists. d. humanists. 138) Albert Bandura’s notion that people are affected by their environment but can also influence that environment is known as a. reciprocal determinism. b. locus of control. c. phenomenology. d. self-efficacy. 139) The role of one’s thought patterns in personality development was emphasized by a. humanistic theorists. b. social learning theorists. c. classical conditioning theorists. d. operant conditioning theorists. 140) According to Julian Rotter, individuals with a(n) __________ locus of control are less prone to emotional upset following life stressors because they are more likely to believe they can remedy problems on their own. a. internal b. external c. inferior d. superior

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