61. Generalizing from the text’s discussion of malnutrition, you should conclude the most detrimental effect of starvation or severe malnutrition is on which of the following organs or organ systems? a. the gastrointestinal system b. the respiratory system c. the heart d. the brain 62. A common result found in studies that investigate the effects of long-term malnutrition is that children often exhibit symptoms of __________ and parents often exhibit symptoms of ___________. a. depression; anxiety b. impulsiveness; depression c. depression; heart disease d. respiratory disease; heart disease 63. The process of shifting the infant’s diet from breast- or bottle-feeding to eating and drinking a wider variety of foods is referred to as: a. solidifying b. marasmus c. de-breasting d. weaning 6 Breastfeeding, rather than bottle-feeding, improves infant mortality rates in: a. both developing and developed nations b. developing nations but not in developed nations c. developed nations but not in developing nations d. neither developing nor developed nations 65. According to the text, in industrialized nations like the U.S. the most typical age at which foods other than milk are introduced into a child’s diet is: a. 3 to 4 months of age b. 8 to 9 months of age c. about age 1 year d. about 18 months of age 66. Marcy comments that her son is having a hard time shifting from being breastfed to eating a wider array of strained and solid foods. The technical term for this shift is: a. marasmus b. dietary transition c. dietary assimilation d. weaning 67. The process of converting information from the environment into neural impulses is called __________; the process of associating meaning with this information is called __________. a. perception; sensation b. sensation; perception c. translation; transduction d. transduction; sensation 68. The complex process by which the mind interprets sensory input is the text’s definition of: a. perception b. adaptation c. sensation d. habituation 69. Newborns focus best on objects at what distance? a. 1 to 2 inches away b. 7 to 10 inches away c. 24 to 30 inches away d. 36 to 48 inches away 70. Immediately after birth, newborns focus most clearly on objects that are about how far away from their face? a. about 1 to 2 inches b. about 7 to 10 inches c. about 2 to 3 feet d. about 5 to 6 feet