SOLVED

201) According to Kohlberg, behaviour motivated by the avoidance of punishment represents ________ morality. a. formal conventional b. postconventional c. conventional d. preconventional 202) According to Piaget, one’s level of moral development is linked to one’s level of a. social development. b. cognitive development. c. intelligence. d. emotional development. 203) Karla can speed on a certain stretch of the highway without being ticketed, yet she decides not to speed because it is unlawful. Karla’s reasoning reflects ________ reasoning. a. formal conventional b. postconventional c. conventional d. preconventional 204) According to theory assumptions, which of the following is true concerning Kohlberg and Piaget? a. Like Piaget’s stage theory, Kohlberg’s theory is comprised of four distinctly separate stages. b. Reaching the postconventional stage requires functioning at Piaget’s preoperational stage. c. Reaching the postconventional stage requires functioning at Piaget’s formal operations stage. d. Levels of moral development are unrelated to levels of cognitive development. 205) Regarding Heinz’s dilemma, a person who decides not to steal the drug for fear of being imprisoned is reasoning at the ________ stage. a. preconventional b. formal conventional c. postconventional d. conventional 206) According to Kohlberg, postconventional morality involves a. behaviour motivated by doing what is best for the greatest number of people. b. behaviour motivated by doing what is best for the individual. c. behaviour motivated by doing what is expected of you by authority figures. d. behaviour motivated by doing what is expected of you by peers. 207) Joseph refuses to vote in major elections because he believes that most political candidates seeking office are motivated by personal gain and not to create positive social change. Joseph’s reasoning reflects a. formal conventional reasoning. b. preconventional reasoning. c. conventional reasoning. d. postconventional reasoning. 208) Responses to moral dilemmas are only moderately correlated with actual behaviour. Which of the following may be seen to increase the strength of correlations between hypothetical responses and actual behaviour? a. Posing dilemmas focused on life-or-death decisions that will lead to more honest responding b. Posing dilemmas focused on light-hearted subjects that will put respondents more at ease c. Posing dilemmas focused on realistic situations that are likely to be faced on a regular basis d. Posing dilemmas focused on abstract situations not likely to be faced by respondents 209) Johnny has never been harassed by the school bully, but most of his friends have. Johnny’s decision to stand up to the bully to protect his friends represents a type of ________ morality. a. preconventional b. conventional c. formal conventional d. postconventional 210) Karen has the impulse to shoplift, but when she begins thinking about how others would be disappointed with her actions, she resists. Karen’s thinking illustrates ________ reasoning. a. formal conventional b. conventional c. postconventional d. preconventional