SOLVED

 161) Increasing the sample size in a research study increases the chance of finding results that are _______________ significant but not necessarily _______________ significant. a. practically; statistically b. statistically; practically c. descriptively; inferentially d. inferentially; descriptively 162) Dr. Loggins conducts a study examining the relationship between shoe size and scores on a math aptitude test in a sample of 15,000 young adults. He finds a significant negative correlation (r = -.06) between these two variables. What should he conclude from his data? a. The smaller a person’s feet, the better their math scores. b. He found a statistically significant result that he can generalize to the population. c. The practical significance of this finding is limited. d. His results will allow him to reliably predict math scores from foot size. 163) In sciences and social sciences, another term for real-world importance is a. practical significance. b. statistical significance. c. inferential significance. d. differential significance. 164) The term statistical significance implies that the results are a. not likely due to chance. b. valid. c. extremely meaningful. d. important. 165) A therapist wishes to show that his new therapy is a marked improvement over the current best available therapy. To do so he examines the number of participants who improved with each. A total of 125 participants received his treatment (and 100 of them improved). A total of 80 participants received the alternative treatment (and 64 of them improved). What should the therapist conclude? a. His treatment is superior because it included 125 people as opposed to 80. b. His treatment is superior to the alternative because 100 is greater than 64. c. His treatment is no better than the alternative because the percentages are the same. d. His treatment is inferior because the percentages are the same. 166) The peer review process is designed to a. make researchers feel bad when their article is not published. b. identify flaws in a research study’s methods, findings, and conclusions. c. block alternative therapies from being made available to the general public. d. place obstacles in front of people whose theories differ from mainstream science. 167) The purpose of a peer reviewer is to act as a. critical thinker. b. scientific gatekeeper. c. a hurdle. d. an obstacle. 168) Pretend that you are a peer reviewer for a study on exposure therapy and arachnophobia (fear of spiders). The researcher chooses a group of patients who he thinks can handle the treatment (administered by a colleague), and has another group of patients as a control that he talks to about their fears weekly. He reports that following exposure therapy, those in the experimental group showed less fear of spiders than those in the control group. As a reviewer, what is the hidden flaw with this study that limits its claims? a. The researcher has not controlled for the placebo effect. b. There is no random assignment so it is not an experiment. c. The study has no dependent variable. d. The researcher has not controlled for the experimenter expectancy effect. 169) The general public is often misled by discussions of research in the media because a. most reporters are lazy and attempting to do as little as possible in their jobs. b. most reporters are actively working to bias the public against scientific research. c. most reporters are not trained in understanding research or how to accurately communicate about it. d. most reporters are not fair and balanced in their reporting of the facts. 170) Which of the following factors should not be strongly considered when evaluating the legitimacy of psychological reports in the media? a. The source of the claim. b. The reputation of the researcher. c. Sharpening. d. Levelling.