SOLVED

21) “Can I recall events from my childhood accurately?” This question illustrates which of the following critical-thinking guidelines? A) Avoid emotional reasoning. B) Don’t oversimplify. C) Tolerate uncertainty. D) Ask questions and be willing to wonder. 22) The authors note that ________ trigger(s) creative thinking. A) attending class and reading textbooks B) being as open-minded as possible C) receiving wisdom from experts D) curiosity and wonder 23) If you are a critical thinker, reading a psychology textbook should be approached as: A) receiving wisdom from expert researchers. B) an opportunity to generate questions. C) a tool for self-analysis. D) a way to reduce your uncertainties. 24) The local newspaper reports that bullying is rampant and that more than 90% of local children have been bullied. The school district newsletter, however, reports that the number of victims of bullying is quite low. It is most likely that: A) the school district is covering up the severity of the problem. B) each source is defining “bullying” in a different way. C) the local newspaper is using sensational journalism to sell papers. D) each source is making up their own statistics. 25) Beliefs that are taken for granted are called: A) assumptions. B) traits. C) reinforcers. D) archetypes. 26) A critical thinker would be LEAST likely to exclaim in the heat of an argument: A) “Haven’t you given thought to all the other possibilities?” B) “That is hard for me to believe, where did you hear it?” C) “I’m willing to search for a creative solution if you are!” D) “That is my opinion and nothing is going to change it!” 27) Critical thinkers analyze their assumptions. Which of the following critical-thinking errors illustrates that the speaker has not analyzed his or her assumptions? A) “Men are less emotional than women—it is part of a man’s basic nature to be logical rather than emotional.” B) “I don’t want to see that movie—my roommate said that it was so boring she left the theatre before it ended.” C) “What do you mean you don’t know why I’m getting these headaches—you’re a doctor, so find the problem and fix it!” D) “How can you be a professor of psychology if you don’t know what causes a person to develop schizophrenia?” 28) “I’ve always thought that memory was like a video camera, accurately recording each moment of my life. But maybe I think this because it is so reassuring.” This example illustrates which of the following critical-thinking guidelines? A) Avoid emotional reasoning. B) Analyze assumptions and biases. C) Define your terms. D) Ask questions and be willing to wonder. 29) The reaction to the 1998 book The Nurture Assumption, by Judith Rich Harris, illustrates what can happen when: A) authors without appropriate credentials write about psychological topics. B) book authors rely too heavily on emotional reasoning. C) book authors fail to examine the evidence. D) our common biases are challenged. 30) Critical thinking requires: A) creativity in order to construct alternative explanations. B) the knowledge that all opinions are created equal. C) being as open-minded as possible. D) soaking up knowledge like a sponge.