SOLVED

11. Suppose you are playing with a 6-year-old child and you ask the child to draw three different shapes: a triangle, a circle, and a square. Which shape would you expect the child to have the most difficulty drawing? a. the triangle b. the circle c. the square d. A 6-year-old can easily draw them all. 12.  The process in which specific functions, such as speech, develop in specific regions of the brain is called: a. neural integration b. differentiation c. functional fixation d. lateralization 13.  If you were to observe a sample of brain tissue that was mostly composed of myelin and contained relatively few cell bodies, you would refer to this type of brain tissue as: a. white matter b. gray matter c. cell body mass extract d. pruned excess 14.  Higher level cognitive functions, such as attention, emotion, language, and memory, are thought to be associated most closely to activity in: a. the myelin surrounding axons b. the cell axons themselves, but not the cell bodies c. the gray matter of the brain d. the white matter in the left cerebral hemisphere 15. Suppose you learn that two children, a 10-year boy and a 10-year old girl, have brains of quite different sizes, with the boy’s brain being about 40% larger than that girl’s brain. Which of the following conclusions would be the best to draw from this data? a. The girl most likely has something wrong with her brain, because it should be at least 10% larger than the boy’s brain. b. The girl’s brain most likely has something wrong with it, because it should be very close to the same size as the boy’s brain at this age. c. The girl most likely was malnourished in early childhood, giving rise to a smaller-than-average brain. d. There is no reason for concern, since children’s brain sizes can vary by as much as 50% without any appreciable difference in cognitive skills. 16.  During adolescence and adulthood, cognitive functions such as memory and judgment generally become more complex. According to the text, the neurological event most closely associated with such changes is: a. an increase in the number of neurons in the brain b. an increase in the overall size of the neurons in the cortex of the brain c. a decrease in the amount of myelin present in the brain d. a decline in gray matter that occurs after childhood 17. Suppose you walk into a typical 6th grade classroom in a predominantly White, middle-class, suburban school in the United States. If the children there are typical, about what percent would you expect to be wearing glasses or contact lenses to improve their vision? a. 75% b. 50% c. 33% d. 25% 1 Mr. Martinez teaches third-grade physical education. To meet national health objectives, he should try to engage students in active physical exercise for at least what percent of their time in his physical education class? a. 30% b. 50% c. 75% d. 90% 19. Which of the following is NOT one of the four aspects of physical fitness conditioning? a. flexibility b. muscle strength c. BMI of less than 28 d. cardiovascular efficiency 20. Currently about what percent of school-age children in the United States are obese? a. 5 percent b. 19 percent c. 31 percent d. 48 percent