SOLVED

71 Jimmy notices that the time is twelve o’clock noon. After looking at his watch, he begins to feel hungry. His hunger response is best thought of as an example of: a. shaping b. classical conditioning c. operant conditioning d. counter conditioning 72. Three-year-old Kayla has been seeing her pediatrician for checkups every six months and fears the shots she receives each time. Now, even though he does not administer the shots, Kayla cries when the pediatrician enters the room because she associates him with receiving shots. Her behavior is a result of: a. habituation b. social learning c. operant conditioning d. classical conditioning 73. William recalls a time when he was a child when he nearly drowned in a public swimming pool. It was a very frightening experience.  Since that time, the smell of chlorine leaves him with feelings of dread. William’s situation can be most easily explained by which of the following? a. classical conditioning b. guided participation c. superego d. social learning theory 74. According the B. F. Skinner, if you would like to get your child to keep his or her room tidy, which of the following is most likely to work? a. having a chat with the child about his or her feelings about cleanliness b. showing the child how to clean and then the child will learn from observing you c. consistently rewarding the child when the child carries out any cleaning d. create a learned association between dirtiness and feeling physically ill 75. Which researcher believed that human behavior could be best understood in terms of how rewards and punishments exert an influence on people’s actions? a. Charles Darwin b. Mary Ainsworth c. Lev Vygotsky d. B. F. Skinner 76. Which of the following terms would be most closely associated with the field of operant conditioning? a. fixation b. assimilation c. systems d. reward 77. Which of the following theorists is most closely associated with behavioral theory? a. Sigmund Freud b. Jean Piaget c. B. F. Skinner d. Lev Vygotsky 78. The text describes a study by Albert Bandura in which children watched an adult “beat up” a Bobo doll. The conclusions from this theory are best considered as supporting which of the following theoretical perspectives? a. classical conditioning b. operant conditioning c. social learning d. psychosexual processing 79. A child attempts to carry out a stunt involving a skateboard and a ramp that he has seen on television. The child’s knowledge about how to do this stunt was most likely acquired through which of the following processes? a. accommodation b. social learning c. assimilation d. apprenticeship 80. Four-year-old Sasha watches carefully how her older brother unlocks the chest where her mother hides special toys. After her brother locks the chest and leaves, Sasha is able to remember the steps he used and she now unlocks the chest. Sasha’s method of learning is best thought of as an example of: a. operant conditioning b. classical conditioning c. social learning d. fixation